意大利锡拉库萨地方卫生局 COVID-19 大流行后疫苗恢复计划的有效性。一年跟踪结果。

Fabio Contarino, Erminio DI Pietro, Concetta Randazzo, Francesca Bella, Maria Lia Contrino
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摘要

导言:COVID-19 大流行对世界各地的免疫接种服务造成了严重影响,威胁到在控制疫苗可预防疾病方面取得的成果:方法:大流行后,锡拉库扎地方卫生局制定了一项疫苗接种恢复计划,对漏种疫苗进行补种。我们比较了恢复计划实施一年后按年龄组和疫苗类型划分的 2021 年和 2020 年疫苗接种覆盖率。我们对 2021 年与 2020 年的比例进行了卡方检验。在双尾 p 值≤ 0.05 时,结果具有统计学意义:与 2020 年相比,小儿麻痹症和含麻疹成分疫苗的 36 个月覆盖率分别为 92.5%和 93.7%,分别下降了-0.3%和-1.8%。到 8 岁(加强剂量)时,小儿麻痹症的免疫接种率为 80.7%,麻疹的免疫接种率为 80.1%,与 2020 年相比分别下降了-5.7%和-3.7%。36 个月的接种率分别为:男乙疫苗 56.6%(与 2020 年相比-5.0%),男 ACW135Y/C 疫苗 73.2%(与 2020 年相比+1.1%),PNC 疫苗 86.9%(与 2020 年相比-1.7%)。2021 年,HPV 疫苗接种覆盖率为 44.2%(与 2020 年相比为-4.4%)。与上一份报告相比,除抗男性乙型肝炎疫苗和抗人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种的VC差异有所扩大,以及男性ACW135Y/C疫苗接种的VC差异显著扩大外,几乎所有疫苗接种的VC差异都有所缩小:尽管努力组织并实现了广泛而精心设计的疫苗接种恢复工作,但我们的数据显示,即使在 1 年的随访之后,这些常规疫苗接种的覆盖率仍然存在全球性的不足,尽管错过接种的疫苗接种率有了实质性的显著恢复,尤其是在年龄较小的儿童和初免周期中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effectiveness of a vaccine recovery plan after the COVID-19 pandemic in the Siracusa Local Health Authority, Italy. Results of one year follow-up.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted on the immunization services around the world, threatening the gains made in the control of vaccine-preventable diseases.

Methods: A vaccination recovery plan of missed vaccinations has been put in place in the LHA of Siracusa after the pandemic. We compared 2021 and 2020 vaccination coverage by age group and vaccine type after one year of follow-up of the recovery plan. The Chi-square test was executed on proportions for the years 2021 vs 2020. Results were considered statistically significant at a two-tailed p-value ≤ 0.05.

Results: 36-month coverage rates were 92.5% for polio and 93.7% for measles-containing-vaccine, representing -0.3% and -1.8% decreases, respectively, as compared to 2020. By 8 years of age (booster doses), immunisation coverage was 80.7% for polio and 80.1% for measles, representing a -5.7% and -3.7%, respectively, compared to 2020. 36-month coverage was 56.6% for Men B (-5.0% as compared to 2020), 73.2% for Men ACW135Y/C (+1.1% as compared to 2020) and 86.9% for PNC vaccine (-1.7%, as compared to 2020). Regarding HPV vaccination, in 2021, vaccine coverage was 44.2% (-4.4% compared to 2020). Compared to the previous report, the VC difference among the cohorts narrowed for all almost vaccinations, except for the anti-men B and the anti-HPV vaccination, for which we recorded an increase in VC difference, and for men ACW135Y/C, for which a significant increase has been recorded.

Conclusions: Despite the efforts to organize and realize an extensive and well-designed vaccination recovery, our data show that even after the 1-year follow-up, globally deficits in coverage for these routine vaccinations persist, although there has been a substantial and significant recovery of missed vaccinations, especially among younger children and for primary cycles.

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