德国五所大学医院对医科女学生和女医生的性别歧视程度和类型--在线调查结果。

IF 1.5 Q2 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES
GMS Journal for Medical Education Pub Date : 2023-11-15 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.3205/zma001648
Jan-Filip Tameling, Mareike Lohöfener, Judith Bereznai, Thi Phuong Anh Tran, Marie Ritter, Margarete Boos
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:德国医学教育和实践中的性别歧视(GBD)研究尚属空白。因此,本研究探讨了德国医科女学生和女医生中性别歧视的程度和形式。研究讨论了性别歧视的原因、后果和可能的干预措施:方法:对德国北部五所大学医院的女医科学生(人数=235)和女医生(人数=157)进行了在线调查,询问了她们在GBD方面的个人经历,调查内容涉及自我效能预期和个人对 "玻璃天花板效应 "的看法,并使用了一个关于GBD自身经历的开放式问题。我们使用归纳分类法和相对分类频率对答案进行了内容分析:结果:在两个受访小组中,约 75% 的受访者都表示有过 GBD 的经历。他们的经历主要分为五类:性骚扰(包括口头和身体骚扰)、基于现有/可能成为母亲的歧视(包括结构性歧视和口头歧视)、直接偏爱男性、直接忽视女性以及基于性别的贬损待遇:本研究有助于填补上述研究空白。在所研究的医院中,GBD 在女医学生和女医生中都是一种普遍现象,并以多种形式表现出来。研究结果似乎可以从所研究的医院推广到全德国。关于 GBD 的原因、后果和有效对策,我们已经了解了很多。医院中负责培训的人员和雇主应履行自己的责任,实施一系列经过经验评估的干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Extent and types of gender-based discrimination against female medical students and physicians at five university hospitals in Germany - results of an online survey.

Objective: There is a gap in research on gender-based discrimination (GBD) in medical education and practice in Germany. This study therefore examines the extent and forms of GBD among female medical students and physicians in Germany. Causes, consequences and possible interventions of GBD are discussed.

Methods: Female medical students (n=235) and female physicians (n=157) from five university hospitals in northern Germany were asked about their personal experiences with GBD in an online survey on self-efficacy expectations and individual perceptions of the "glass ceiling effect" using an open-ended question regarding their own experiences with GBD. The answers were analyzed by content analysis using inductive category formation and relative category frequencies.

Results: From both interviewed groups, approximately 75% each reported having experienced GBD. Their experiences fell into five main categories: sexual harassment with subcategories of verbal and physical, discrimination based on existing/possible motherhood with subcategories of structural and verbal, direct preference for men, direct neglect of women, and derogatory treatment based on gender.

Conclusion: The study contributes to filling the aforementioned research gap. At the hospitals studied, GBD is a common phenomenon among both female medical students and physicians, manifesting itself in multiple forms. Transferability of the results beyond the hospitals studied to all of Germany seems plausible. Much is known about the causes, consequences and effective countermeasures against GBD. Those responsible for training and employers in hospitals should fulfill their responsibility by implementing measures from the set of empirically evaluated interventions.

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来源期刊
GMS Journal for Medical Education
GMS Journal for Medical Education EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES-
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
12.50%
发文量
30
审稿时长
25 weeks
期刊介绍: GMS Journal for Medical Education (GMS J Med Educ) – formerly GMS Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung – publishes scientific articles on all aspects of undergraduate and graduate education in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine, pharmacy and other health professions. Research and review articles, project reports, short communications as well as discussion papers and comments may be submitted. There is a special focus on empirical studies which are methodologically sound and lead to results that are relevant beyond the respective institution, profession or country. Please feel free to submit qualitative as well as quantitative studies. We especially welcome submissions by students. It is the mission of GMS Journal for Medical Education to contribute to furthering scientific knowledge in the German-speaking countries as well as internationally and thus to foster the improvement of teaching and learning and to build an evidence base for undergraduate and graduate education. To this end, the journal has set up an editorial board with international experts. All manuscripts submitted are subjected to a clearly structured peer review process. All articles are published bilingually in English and German and are available with unrestricted open access. Thus, GMS Journal for Medical Education is available to a broad international readership. GMS Journal for Medical Education is published as an unrestricted open access journal with at least four issues per year. In addition, special issues on current topics in medical education research are also published. Until 2015 the journal was published under its German name GMS Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung. By changing its name to GMS Journal for Medical Education, we wish to underline our international mission.
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