农林业支持欧洲农田鸟类的高度多样性

IF 6.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Manon Edo, Martin H. Entling, Verena Rösch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

农业景观的集约化和同质化导致欧洲农田鸟类大量减少。过去广泛使用的农林系统重新受到关注,因为它们可以使农业景观恢复结构的异质性。然而,很少有研究关注此类系统对生物多样性,尤其是鸟类多样性的影响。我们假设,与开放式农业相比,农林系统中的鸟类具有更高的α和β多样性以及独特的鸟类群落。此外,我们预计欧洲温带地区和地中海地区的鸟类群落受农林系统的影响有所不同。在这项研究中,我们通过录音评估了欧洲温带和地中海地区 7 个国家中 19 个成熟农林业地块的繁殖鸟类多样性,这些地块包括可造林地块和造林牧地地块。为了进行比较,还对附近开阔农田、森林和果园的鸟类多样性进行了评估。农林业的鸟类物种丰富度是开放农田的两倍多,与森林和果园的鸟类物种丰富度相近。不同生境类型和不同欧洲地区的群落组成和生境内贝塔多样性各不相同。温带农林系统中的鸟类群落由一般栖息地和木本栖息地的物种组成,而地中海农林系统中的鸟类群落则由开阔栖息地和木本栖息地的物种组成。在温带系统中,农林业的 Beta 多样性明显高于开放农业,但在地中海地区却不是这样。我们的研究表明,农林系统是欧洲农业景观中繁殖鸟类的重要栖息地。因此,更广泛地采用这些系统有助于阻止和扭转鸟类多样性下降的趋势,尤其是在温带农业景观中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Agroforestry supports high bird diversity in European farmland

Agroforestry supports high bird diversity in European farmland

Intensification and homogenization of agricultural landscapes have led to a strong decline in European farmland birds. Agroforestry systems, which were widespread in the past, are regaining attention as they could return structural heterogeneity to agricultural landscapes. However, few studies focus on the effects of such systems on biodiversity and especially bird diversity. We hypothesized that agroforestry systems host a higher alpha and beta diversity of birds compared to open agriculture as well as distinct bird communities. Moreover, we expected that bird communities in temperate Europe and the Mediterranean are differently affected by agroforestry systems. In this study, we assessed breeding bird diversity via audio recordings in nineteen mature agroforestry plots, comprising both silvoarable and silvopastoral systems distributed across seven countries in temperate and Mediterranean Europe. For comparison, bird diversity was also assessed in nearby open agricultural land, forests, and orchards. Bird species richness in agroforestry was more than doubled compared to open agricultural land and similar to the diversity found in forests and orchards. Community composition and within-habitat beta diversity differed between the habitat types and between European regions. While temperate agroforestry systems hosted generalist and woody habitat species, bird communities in Mediterranean agroforestry were composed of species from both open and woody habitats. Beta diversity was significantly higher in agroforestry than in open agriculture in temperate systems but not in the Mediterranean. Our study demonstrates that agroforestry systems represent a valuable habitat for breeding birds in European agricultural landscapes. A wider adoption of these systems could thus contribute to halting and reversing the decline in bird diversity, especially in temperate agricultural landscapes.

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来源期刊
Agronomy for Sustainable Development
Agronomy for Sustainable Development 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
10.70
自引率
8.20%
发文量
108
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Agronomy for Sustainable Development (ASD) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of international scope, dedicated to publishing original research articles, review articles, and meta-analyses aimed at improving sustainability in agricultural and food systems. The journal serves as a bridge between agronomy, cropping, and farming system research and various other disciplines including ecology, genetics, economics, and social sciences. ASD encourages studies in agroecology, participatory research, and interdisciplinary approaches, with a focus on systems thinking applied at different scales from field to global levels. Research articles published in ASD should present significant scientific advancements compared to existing knowledge, within an international context. Review articles should critically evaluate emerging topics, and opinion papers may also be submitted as reviews. Meta-analysis articles should provide clear contributions to resolving widely debated scientific questions.
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