Marker-assisted development of wheat lines of the winter cultivar Bezostaya 1 and the effects of interaction between alleles of Vrn-A1L and Vrn-B1 loci on heading time

The main genetic factor which initiates the flowering is the Vrn gene system, which determines the rate of many of the plant’s growth and development processes. Introgression of new Vrn gene alleles from its relatives into bread wheat makes it possible to increase genetic variables connected to the duration of the growing season parameters and individual developmental phases. Two lines of the winter cultivar of bread wheat Bezostaya 1 (Bez1) with a combination of the dominant alleles Vrn-A1L Vrn-B1a and Vrn-A1L Vrn-B1c were created which included the introgression of the Vrn-A1L (or Vrn-A1c Langdon-type deletion) allele from Triticum petropavlovskyi Udacz. et Migusch. (or T. aestivum ssp. petropavlovskyi (Udacz. et Migusch.) N.P. Gontsch). Homozygous lines were isolated from F₃ hybrids by using marker-assisted selection. This lines matured earlier in relation to the original near-isogenic lines which contained the Vrn-A1L, Vrn-B1a, and Vrn-B1c alleles. The Bez1 Vrn-A1L Vrn-B1c line had a shorter germination-first node and germination-heading periods compared to Bez1 Vrn-A1L Vrn-B1a, practically showing no difference, in terms of heading, with the early-maturing line i:Bez1 Vrn-A1a. In the current paper the results of research into the productivity of the lines using different combinations of VRN-1 alleles are presented. Thus, the obtained results indicate the possibility of using the Vrn-A1L allele carrying out modification for earlier maturity arising as a result of combinations with other dominant Vrn-B1 alleles.