Boosted elimination of florfenicol by BiOClxBr1-x solid solutions via photocatalytic ozonation under visible light

In this work, a series of BiOCl_xBr_1-x (BCB) solid solutions are facilely designed for visible-light-driven photocatalytic ozonation (PCO) degradation of florfenicol (FF) in water environments, which could add to the library of efficient, cost-effective and robust nanocatalysts for water purification. BCB solid solutions in the structure of 2D nanosheets are achieved involving the etching of BiOBr “micro-flowers” with HCl at different concentrations, allowing a removal ratio of FF up to 97.3 % within 1 h, superior to bare BiOBr and bare BiOCl. A strengthened synergistic effect between photocatalysis and ozonation is substantiated, where the separation of photo-induced charge transfer is accelerated, the band gap is tuned and the utilization efficiency of ozone is enhanced. This facilitates the production of reactive oxygen species identified as •OH, •O₂^–, and ¹O₂ that will attack the FF molecule for degradation based on three pathways.