社会重塑偏好如何弥合两极分化的社区

Henrique M. Borges, Víıtor V. Vasconcelos, Flávio L. Pinheiro
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引用次数: 0

摘要

最近,社会辩论的特点是社会群体的两极分化加剧。这种两极分化不仅意味着群体无法就基本问题达成共识,而且还体现在更模块化的社会空间/网络中,这进一步放大了在两极分化较少的话题中出现两极分化的风险。当个体表现出同性恋或异性恋的社会重新布线偏好时,网络适应如何在不同的社区之间架起桥梁?在这里,我们考虑信息扩散过程,捕捉从简单到复杂的传染过程的连续体。我们使用一个计算模型来了解个人重新布线偏好在多大程度上以多快的速度连接最初连接较弱的社区,以及他们达成共识的可能性有多大。我们表明,根据观点传播的类型,同性恋和异性恋的重新布线有不同的影响。首先,在复杂意见扩散的情况下,我们表明即使两极分化的社会网络也可以在不重塑其底层网络的情况下达成全民共识。当两极分化的社会结构放大了意见的两极分化时,异性恋偏好在建立社区之间的桥梁和促进全民共识方面发挥了关键作用。其次,在简单意见扩散的情况下,同质性的重新布线偏好更能促进共识,避免意见的共存(动态极化)。因此,在广泛的简单和复杂的意见扩散过程中,只有异性恋和亲同性的重新布线偏好的混合才能避免两极分化并促进共识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
How Social Rewiring Preferences Bridge Polarized Communities
Recently, social debates have been marked by increased polarization of social groups. Such polarization not only implies that groups cannot reach a consensus on fundamental questions but also materializes in more modular social spaces/networks that further amplify the risks of polarization in less polarizing topics. How can network adaptation bridge different communities when individuals reveal homophilic or heterophilic social rewiring preferences? Here, we consider information diffusion processes that capture a continuum from simple to complex contagion processes. We use a computational model to understand how fast and to what extent individual rewiring preferences bridge initially weakly connected communities and how likely it is for them to reach a consensus. We show that homophilic and heterophilic rewiring have different impacts depending on the type of opinion spread. First, in the case of complex opinion diffusion, we show that even polarized social networks can reach a population-wide consensus without reshaping their underlying network. When polarized social structures amplify opinion polarization, heterophilic rewiring preferences play a key role in creating bridges between communities and facilitating a population-wide consensus. Secondly, in the case of simple opinion diffusion, homophilic rewiring preferences are more capable of fostering consensus and avoiding a co-existence (dynamical polarization) of opinions. Hence, across a broad profile of simple and complex opinion diffusion processes, only a mix of heterophilic and homophilic rewiring preferences avoids polarization and promotes consensus.
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