通过动态流入和蒸发在超深层盐水环境中沉积盐分

IF 2.7 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
AAPG Bulletin Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1306/05302322105
Alexandros Konstantinou, Garry D. Karner, Erik Kneller, David Gombosi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项研究通过挑战长期以来的假设,即盐沉积必然发生在水深小于300米的盐水中,解决了巨型盐盆地的地质难题。我们综合了区域观测、定量古水深估计和数值质量平衡模型,以说明这一假设与地中海、南大西洋北部和墨西哥湾北部三个巨型盐矿床的观测结果不一致。我们的分析表明,这些盆地在盐沉积开始之前是非常深的坳陷,充满水的等效容纳空间超过3500 m。对这些蒸发岩的掐出和下覆或上覆位置的区域观测表明,盐顶的区域等深起伏斜率为0.5°至0.7°。我们的研究结果表明,这些巨大的盐沉积可以在超深盐水(>1000 m)的环境中通过沉淀形成,并且不需要完全干燥来沉淀卤盐。我们提出了一个超深盆地,超深盐水类盐盆地,即使盐是在像地中海那样的大(~ 1500米)基准面下降期间沉积的。维持超深盐水条件的机制包括大量海水动态流入受限盆地并同时蒸发,这导致极快的盐沉积速率(~ 4 - >40 km/m.y)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Salt deposition in ultradeep brine settings by dynamic inflow and evaporation
This study addresses the geological conundrum of giant salt basins by challenging the longstanding assumption that salt deposition necessarily occurs in brines in which the water depth is less than 300 m. We integrate regional observations, quantitative paleowater depth estimates, and numerical mass-balance modeling to illustrate that this assumption is inconsistent with observations from three giant salt deposits: the Mediterranean, northern South Atlantic, and northern Gulf of Mexico Basins. Our analysis indicates that these basins were very deep depressions before the onset of salt deposition, with a water-filled equivalent accommodation that exceeded 3500 m. Regional observations of pinch-out and downlap or onlap positions of these evaporites indicate a regional bathymetric relief of the top of salt with a slope of 0.5° to 0.7°. Our results demonstrate that these giant salt deposits can form by precipitation in ultradeep brine (>1000 m) settings and do not require complete desiccation to precipitate bittern salts. We propose an ultradeep basin, ultradeep brine class of salt basins, even if the salt was deposited during a major (∼1500 m) base-level drawdown like that in the Mediterranean. The mechanism of maintaining ultradeep brine conditions involves dynamic inflow of large fluxes of seawater into a restricted basin and simultaneous evaporation, which results in extremely rapid rates of salt deposition (∼4–>40 km/m.y.).
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来源期刊
AAPG Bulletin
AAPG Bulletin 工程技术-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
11.40%
发文量
73
审稿时长
4.8 months
期刊介绍: While the 21st-century AAPG Bulletin has undergone some changes since 1917, enlarging to 8 ½ x 11” size to incorporate more material and being published digitally as well as in print, it continues to adhere to the primary purpose of the organization, which is to advance the science of geology especially as it relates to petroleum, natural gas, other subsurface fluids, and mineral resources. Delivered digitally or in print monthly to each AAPG Member as a part of membership dues, the AAPG Bulletin is one of the most respected, peer-reviewed technical journals in existence, with recent issues containing papers focused on such topics as the Middle East, channel detection, China, permeability, subseismic fault prediction, the U.S., and Africa.
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