Non-typhoidal Salmonella causing urinary tract infection in a young male with renal calculi – a case report and comprehensive review

Introduction. Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) causes urinary tract infections infrequently and are usually associated with presence of genitourinary abnormalities. Case presentation. We report a case of immunocompetent male in his early 20 s with phimosis presented with history of dysuria and burning micturition for 4 months. A renal ultrasonography showed presence of bilateral intrarenal calculi. Urine analysis revealed presence of non-typhoidal Salmonella. Automated identification systems performed poorly in identification of serotype. On serotyping, it was identified as Salmonella enteritidis in the referral centre. The patient was managed with oral antibiotics. Conclusion. This report highlights the issues of inaccurate identification of NTS even with advanced automated systems and early initiation of therapy based on the knowledge of local susceptibility patterns. UTI in immunocompetent individuals by non-typhoidal Salmonella should always be investigated further to rule out genitourinary abnormalities and appropriate antibiotics must be started to avoid chronicity and complications.