建筑炼金术:利用人工智能进行灵感设计--创意、控制与协作的综合研究

Lenka Petráková, Vladimír Šimkovič
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摘要

摘要本文认为,人工智能(AI)在建筑设计中是一个合作伙伴,而不仅仅是一个实用工具。为了证实这一观点,我们进行了一项为期三个阶段、包含九个测试的调查,评估了两个著名的人工智能平台的优势和局限性:Midjourney AI和Stable Diffusion。这些平台通过文本提示和图像参考等功能将人类创造力和人工智能能力协同起来,从而促进了建筑的创新途径。我们的分析表明,Midjourney AI在生成初始设计概念方面非常精通,这在很大程度上要归功于其广泛的数据库,但在设计细化和用户控制方面存在不足。相反,Stable Diffusion通过ControlNet等功能赋予设计师更大的控制权,但由于其较小的生成模型而牺牲了视觉清晰度。这两个平台都有一个共同的缺陷:以牺牲功能理解为代价,过分强调美学和形状。基于这些经验观察,本文概述了设计师合理利用人工智能优化工作流程的策略。它证实了关于创造力、控制和协作相互作用的两个关键假设,强调人类建筑师和人工智能系统都受益于迭代反馈和持续适应。总而言之,该研究认为人工智能不仅仅是一种辅助技术,而是一种变革力量,能够从根本上改变建筑设计过程,为人类专业知识和机器能力融合以丰富设计成果的新范式铺平道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Architectural alchemy: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for inspired design – a comprehensive study of creativity, control, and collaboration
Abstract The research paper contends that Artificial Intelligence (AI) serves as a collaborative partner in architectural design, rather than merely a utility tool. To substantiate this argument, a three-phase, nine-test investigation evaluating the strengths and limitations of two prominent AI platforms: Midjourney AI and Stable Diffusion was undertaken. These platforms synergize human creativity and AI capabilities through features like text prompts and image references, thereby fostering innovative avenues in architecture. Our analysis indicates that Midjourney AI is proficient in generating initial design concepts, largely thanks to its extensive data libraries, but is deficient in design refinement and user control. Conversely, Stable Diffusion empowers designers with greater control via features like ControlNet but sacrifices visual clarity due to its smaller generative models. Both platforms share a common flaw: an overemphasis on aesthetics and shape at the expense of functional understanding. Building upon these empirical observations, the paper outlines strategies for designers to reasonably leverage AI in optimising workflows. It confirms two key hypotheses concerning the interplay of creativity, control, and collaboration, emphasising that both human architects and AI systems benefit from iterative feedback and continuous adaptation. In summary, the study posits that AI is not just an adjunct technology but a transformative force with the capacity to fundamentally alter architectural design processes, paving the way for a new paradigm where human expertise and machine capabilities converge for enriched design outcomes.
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