国家的长臂:对阿拉伯海湾国家流亡活动分子的跨国镇压

Noor J. E. Abushammalah
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引用次数: 0

摘要

阿拉伯之春是席卷中东和北非地区的要求民主和自由的激烈行动主义时期。虽然以前的研究主要集中在侨民社区在起义中的作用以及政权镇压起义所采用的策略,但它主要集中在经历大规模革命并承受严重后果的国家。因此,目前的文献没有探讨阿拉伯海湾地区流亡的持不同政见者的处境,而是集中在一些孤立的事件上。本文考察了阿拉伯海湾国家(AGSs)的跨国镇压(TR)运动。借鉴有关威权主义长臂和TR的文献,本文探讨了AGSs使用的各种TR方法来沉默生活在国外的活动家。本文发现,与其他中东和北非国家相比,阿拉伯海湾地区的TR性质是独特的。AGSs的TR活动正在惊人地扩大,利用各种机制和资源,使该地区成为世界上主要的肇事者之一。ags采用的方法包括旅行禁令,作为其代理人胁迫的一部分,数字跨国镇压,以及利用多边组织作为镇压工具。此外,本文还强调了ags对其他国家TR的支持。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Long Arm of the State: Transnational Repression against Exiled Activists from the Arab Gulf States
The Arab Spring was a period of intense activism demanding democracy and freedom that swept across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. While previous research has focused on the role of diaspora communities in the uprisings and the strategies employed by regimes to suppress them, it has primarily centered on countries that experienced large-scale revolutions and endured severe consequences. Consequently, the current literature has failed to explore the situation of Arab Gulf dissidents living in exile, instead focusing on a few isolated incidents. This paper examines the transnational repression (TR) campaign of the Arab Gulf states (AGSs). Drawing on the literature about the long arm of authoritarianism and TR, this paper explores the various TR methods employed by the AGSs to silence activists living abroad. The paper finds that the nature of TR in the Arab Gulf region is unique when compared with other MENA countries. The TR campaign of AGSs is alarmingly expanding, using various mechanisms and resources, making the region one of the world’s leading perpetrators. The methods employed by the AGSs include travel bans as part of their coercion by proxy, digital transnational repression, and the use of multilateral organizations as tools of repression. Additionally, this paper highlights the AGSs’ support of other countries’ TR.
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