数值模拟对第一和第二静压核心阶段的启示

IF 2.6 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Alison K. Young
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引用次数: 0

摘要

关于低质量恒星如何从密集分子云核心的坍缩中形成的理论已经确立了几十年。由于在计算和数值模拟方面的重大进展,已经开发了更多的物理模型,并探索了更广泛的参数空间,以更充分地了解恒星形成的早期阶段。在这篇综述中,我描述了第一和第二核心阶段的预期物理性质,以及不同物理的包含如何影响这些预测特征。我提供了化学模型和综合观察的概述,展望自然界中第一个核心的积极识别,这仍然是难以捉摸的。然而,有几个可能的候选第一核心,它们被列出,我简要地讨论了最近在描述最年轻的原恒星来源方面的进展。化学将有助于确定第一个核心,因此我们需要对原恒星核心的化学演化进行强有力的理论预测,特别是第一个和第二个核心流出。展望未来,模拟可以揭示原恒星坍缩阶段如何塑造原恒星盘的演化。对原恒星核心坍缩过程中尘埃演化的模拟表明,原恒星核心中心的颗粒大小和丰度显著增强。化学模型表明,第一个地核的温暖、致密的条件推动了化学演化。对于第一和第二核心阶段在确定原恒星盘和包层的结构和组成,当然还有最终对行星形成的影响方面所起的作用,还有很大的进一步研究空间。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Insights into the first and second hydrostatic core stages from numerical simulations
The theory of how low mass stars form from the collapse of a dense molecular cloud core has been well-established for decades. Thanks to significant progress in computing and numerical modelling, more physical models have been developed and a wider parameter space explored to understand the early stages of star formation more fully. In this review, I describe the expected physical properties of the first and second core stages and how the inclusion of different physics affects those predicted characteristics. I provide an overview of chemical models and synthetic observations, looking towards the positive identification of the first core in nature, which remains elusive. However, there are a few likely candidate first cores, which are listed, and I briefly discuss the recent progress in characterising the youngest protostellar sources. Chemistry will be instrumental in the firm identification of the first core so we require robust theoretical predictions of the chemical evolution of protostellar cores, especially of the first and second core outflows. Looking ahead, simulations can shed light on how the protostellar collapse phase shapes the evolution of the protostellar disc. Simulations of dust evolution during protostellar core collapse show there is significant enhancement in grain size and abundance towards the centre of the core. Chemical models show that the warm, dense conditions of the first core drive chemical evolution. There is a wide scope for further study of the role that the first and second core stages play in determining the structure and composition of the protostellar disc and envelope and, of course, the eventual influence on the formation of planets.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS-
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
13.30%
发文量
363
审稿时长
14 weeks
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