飓风艾尔玛:过去 3700 年中前所未有的事件?巴布达科德灵顿泻湖的地貌变化和沉积记录

IF 4.2 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
M. Biguenet, E. Chaumillon, P. Sabatier, Antoine Bastien, Emeline Geba, Fabien Arnaud, T. Coulombier, N. Feuillet
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要。低洼海岸和小岛,如小安的列斯群岛,特别容易受到飓风引发的海洋洪水的影响。2017年9月,风速高达每小时360公里的5级飓风“厄玛”袭击了加勒比海北部岛屿,造成巴布达岛上95%的建筑被毁。研究了此次飓风对巴布达科德林顿泻湖风暴潮的地貌影响和沉积学记录。飓风厄玛过后,科德林顿沙障形成了两个宽阔的入口。其中一个入口被扩大,4年后仍然开放。从现有的数据来看,在飓风“厄玛”之前的250年里,这个屏障似乎一直是连续的。在更长的时间尺度上,高分辨率地震勘探结合了Codrington泻湖沉积物岩心样本,用于研究Irma沉积物和过去3700年的环境变化。从低能量的小而浅的泻湖到由泻湖填沙记录的现代宽而高能的泻湖的演变与长期的海平面上升和沉降有关。泻湖填充物的顶部由厚而宽的沙层组成,记录了能量的突然增加。考虑到它位于岩心顶部的位置,以及它的年代非常近,加上短寿命放射性核素数据的支持,再加上Irma之后的大入口开放和屏障侵蚀,这意味着大量的沙子供应给泻湖,这个沙洲被归因于飓风Irma。从我们的岩心来看,这个沉积物在3700多年来是独一无二的。新入口的开放和厚厚的上层沙层都支撑着伊尔玛在几个世纪到几千年的尺度上的独特特征。我们的研究强化了飓风厄玛在强度方面异常的观点,并且可能与全球变暖有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Hurricane Irma: an unprecedented event over the last 3700 years? Geomorphological changes and sedimentological record in Codrington Lagoon, Barbuda
Abstract. Low-lying coasts and small islands, such as in the Lesser Antilles, are particularly vulnerable to hurricane-induced marine floods. In September 2017, category 5 Hurricane Irma, with winds up to 360 km h−1, hit the northern Caribbean islands and caused the destruction of 95 % of the structures on Barbuda Island. We investigated the geomorphological impacts and the sedimentological record related to the storm surge of this hurricane in Barbuda's Codrington Lagoon. Following Hurricane Irma, two wide inlets developed across the Codrington sandy barrier. One of these inlets was enlarged and was still open 4 years later. From available data, it seems that this barrier remained continuous for the last 250 years before Hurricane Irma. At a longer timescale, very high-resolution seismic exploration combined with sediment cores sampled in Codrington Lagoon were used to investigate Irma deposits and environmental changes for the last 3700 years. The evolution from a low-energy small and shallow lagoon to the modern wide and high-energy lagoon recorded by the lagoon sediment fill was related to both long-term sea level rise and subsidence. The top of the lagoon fill consists of a thick and extensive sand sheet recording an abrupt increase in energy. Given its location at the top of the cores and its very recent age, supported by short-lived radionuclide data, together with large inlets opening and barrier erosion after Irma that imply a large sand supply to the lagoon, this sand sheet was attributed to Hurricane Irma. From our cores, it appears that this deposit is unique over more than 3700 years. Both the opening of a new inlet and the thick upper sand sheet support the exceptional character of Irma at the scale of centuries to millennia. Our study reinforces the idea that Hurricane Irma was exceptional in terms of intensity and may be associated with global warming.
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来源期刊
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
6.50%
发文量
192
审稿时长
3.8 months
期刊介绍: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (NHESS) is an interdisciplinary and international journal dedicated to the public discussion and open-access publication of high-quality studies and original research on natural hazards and their consequences. Embracing a holistic Earth system science approach, NHESS serves a wide and diverse community of research scientists, practitioners, and decision makers concerned with detection of natural hazards, monitoring and modelling, vulnerability and risk assessment, and the design and implementation of mitigation and adaptation strategies, including economical, societal, and educational aspects.
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