Katie Henderson, Bodo Lang, Joya Kemper, Denise Conroy
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引用次数: 0
摘要
尽管新的基因编辑技术(GETs)(如 CRISPR)有望加速可持续农业食品生产,但这些技术的社会可接受性仍不明确。之前的文献主要探讨了影响 GET 持续可接受性的监管和经济问题,尽管不断发展的食品政策和产品商业化需要食品系统中不同参与者的投入,但很少有研究对社会文化的影响。我们在四个数据库中进行的系统性综述综合了近期有关食品系统参与者观点的研究,确定了影响 GET 可接受性的关键社会文化因素,从而弥补了这一空白。本综述扩展了之前的文献,纳入了更多不同参与者(如农民和非政府组织)的观点,并更好地了解了他们所感知的社会效益和关注点。我们发现,粮食系统参与者认为在农业中使用 GET 有正面和负面影响。这些观点往往与有关可持续性和粮食系统问题(如社会公正)的更广泛辩论纠缠在一起。我们讨论了针对政策制定者、农业食品行业管理者和科学家的实用建议,以使基因编辑食品(GEF)更好地符合食品系统参与者的价值观。基因编辑食品的政策、开发和商业化必须反映集体福利和透明度等社会价值观,以提高参与者的接受度。需要在土著和小农等边缘化食品参与者中开展更多研究。
Exploring diverse food system actor perspectives on gene editing: a systematic review of socio-cultural factors influencing acceptability
Despite the promise of new gene editing technologies (GETs) (e.g., CRISPR) in accelerating sustainable agri-food production, the social acceptability of these technologies remains unclear. Prior literature has primarily addressed the regulatory and economic issues impacting GETs ongoing acceptability, while little work has examined socio-cultural impacts despite evolving food policies and product commercialisation demanding input from various actors in the food system. Our systematic review across four databases addresses this gap by synthesising recent research on food system actors’ perspectives to identify the key socio-cultural factors influencing GET acceptability. This review extends prior literature by including views from a more diverse range of actors (e.g., farmers and NGOs) and provides a better understanding of their perceived social benefits and concerns. We find food system actors perceive positive and negative impacts of using GETs in agriculture. These perspectives are often entangled in broader debates regarding sustainability and food systems issues (e.g., social justice). We discuss practical recommendations for policymakers, agri-food industry managers, and scientists to better align gene edited foods (GEFs) with food system actors’ values. GEF policy, development, and commercialisation must reflect social values such as collective wellbeing and transparency to improve actors’ acceptability. More research is required among marginalised food actors such as Indigenous and smallholder farmers.
期刊介绍:
Agriculture and Human Values is the journal of the Agriculture, Food, and Human Values Society. The Journal, like the Society, is dedicated to an open and free discussion of the values that shape and the structures that underlie current and alternative visions of food and agricultural systems.
To this end the Journal publishes interdisciplinary research that critically examines the values, relationships, conflicts and contradictions within contemporary agricultural and food systems and that addresses the impact of agricultural and food related institutions, policies, and practices on human populations, the environment, democratic governance, and social equity.