关于环境温度和湿度对慢性呼吸道疾病患者健康影响的横断面调查

Samantha Mekhuri, S. Quach, Caroline Barakat, Winnie Sun, Mika L Nonoyama
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摘要

在慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中,极端温度和湿度与不良呼吸道症状、肺功能下降和加重加重有关。目的描述极端温度和湿度对慢性阻塞性肺病患者健康结局、健康状况和身体活动(PA)的影响。方法采用横断面自我报告调查,收集1)中等/理想(14 ~ 21℃,30 ~ 50%相对湿度[RH])、2)湿热(≥25℃,> 50% RH)和3)寒冷干燥(≤5℃,< 30% RH)天气条件对健康状况(COPD评估测试[CAT])、PA和健康结局的影响。参与者年龄≥40岁,患有慢性阻塞性肺病或相关慢性呼吸系统疾病(如哮喘、睡眠呼吸暂停、间质性肺疾病、肺癌),在加拿大居住≥1年。对极端天气的负反应者被先验地定义为在CAT中变化≥2点。主要结果36名参与者回复;平均年龄65(11)岁,女性23例(64%)。与理想条件相比,23(66%)和24(69%)分别受到寒冷/干燥和炎热/潮湿天气的负面影响。与理想条件相比,热/湿和冷/干条件下的健康状况显著降低,PA量和难度降低。与理想条件相比,炎热/潮湿条件下的恶化次数明显更高。结论:更多的参与者受到极端天气的负面影响:与理想情况相比,健康状况恶化,PA下降,恶化频率更高。未来的前瞻性研究应直接和客观地调查极端温度和湿度水平对症状和PA的不同组合,以了解其长期健康结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A cross-sectional survey on the effects of ambient temperature and humidity on health outcomes in individuals with chronic respiratory disease
Rationale Extremes of temperature and humidity are associated with adverse respiratory symptoms, reduced lung function, and increased exacerbations among individuals living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Objectives To describe the reported effects of temperature and humidity extremes on the health outcomes, health status and physical activity (PA) in individuals living with COPD. Methods A cross-sectional self-reported survey collected the effects on health status (COPD Assessment Test [CAT]), PA, and health outcomes in 1) moderate/ideal (14 to 21°C, 30 to 50% relative humidity [RH]), 2) hot and humid (≥ 25°C, > 50% RH) and 3) cold and dry (≤ 5°C, < 30% RH) weather conditions. Participants were ≥ 40 years old with COPD or related chronic respiratory diseases (e.g., asthma, sleep apnea, interstitial lung disease, lung cancer) and residing in Canada for ≥ 1 year. Negative responders to weather extremes were a priori defined as having a change of ≥ 2 points in the CAT. Main Results Thirty-six participants responded; the mean age (SD) was 65 (11) years, and 23 (64%) were females. Compared to ideal conditions, 23 (66%) and 24 (69%) were negatively affected by cold/dry and hot/humid weather, respectively. Health status was significantly lower, and PA amount and difficulty level were reduced in hot/humid and cold/dry conditions compared with ideal conditions. The number of exacerbations in hot/humid was significantly higher compared to ideal conditions. Conclusions More participants were negatively affected by extremes of weather: health status worsened, PA decreased, and frequency of exacerbations was higher compared to ideal. Future prospective studies should directly and objectively investigate different combinations of extreme temperature and humidity levels on symptoms and PA to understand their long-term health outcomes.
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