Biochemical and Histological Studies on the Protective Effects of Curcumin against Acetamiprid-Induced Hepato-Renal Toxicity

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the possible liver and kidney toxicity mechanisms of prolonged acetamiprid (ACMP) induction and the protective effects of co-treatment with curcumin (Cur) on ACMP-induced liver and kidney complications. Forty male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 10 in each). Group I (the control group) received 1% dimethyl sulfoxide, group II (the Cur-group) received Cur (100 mg/kg/day), group III (the ACMP-group) received acetamiprid (40 mg/kg/day), and group IV the (ACMP + Cur)-group received ACMP (40 mg/kg/day) plus Cur (100 mg/kg/day) for 30 days. Tissue samples from the liver and kidney were collected and prepared for biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis. Our results showed a significant increase in total oxidative stress levels and a significant decrease in the total antioxidant capacity in the liver and kidney tissue of the ACMP-group compared with those of the control group (p < 0.05 for all parameters). Also, the ACMP-group showed a disturbance in the structure of the liver and kidneys of rats compared to that of the control group. However, the (ACMP + Cur)-group showed significantly lower total oxidative stress levels and significantly higher levels of total antioxidant capacity than the ACMP-group, with histological similarity to the control group. Total oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity could clarify the ACMP-induced hepatic and renal toxicity mechanisms that have been attenuated by Cur co-administration. These findings proposed that the co-administration of Cur with ACMP attenuated its toxicity by reducing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant capacity, indicating the role of Cur as an antioxidant in mitigating ACMP-toxicity.