Quality of Life in Adults with Chronic Cough: A Mixed Methods Study Informing the Development of a Quantitative Patient Preference Study

Objectives

This study aimed to describe quality of life for patients with chronic cough (CC) and identify meaningful attributes that affect patient treatment preferences to inform the design of a quantitative preference study.

Methods

Eligible patients (≥ 18 years) with a CC (> 8 weeks) participated in qualitative interviews with two defined steps. Step one: concept elicitation and bidding games were used to collect descriptions of patient experiences with CC and identify important CC-related attributes. Step two: attributes were confirmed using concept elicitation and bidding games and prioritized using structured card sort activities. Purposive sampling ensured diversity of patient experiences. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze participant narratives, and descriptive statistics were used to summarize card sort results. This study follows a fully mixed concurrent dominant status design, with qualitative (dominant) and quantitative components.

Results

A total of 20 participants were interviewed with a mean age of 61.4 years (range 24–79 years). Coughing episodes, described as intense consecutive coughs that made catching breath difficult, were important to most participants (n = 17). Participants emphasized the emotional impact of episodes including feelings of uncertainty, loss of control, self-consciousness, and fear. Severity of CC was most often judged by frequency (n = 11) and intensity (n = 12) of cough. Daily, physical, or social activities were impacted for most participants. Impact on sleep (n = 14) included waking during the night, difficulty falling asleep, and daytime fatigue. Medication-related taste disturbances were an important consideration for what participants were willing to accept in exchange for cough relief.

Conclusions

This study emphasizes the importance of coughing episodes for adults with CC and provides initial evidence that taste alterations are an important component of patient treatment decisions for CC.