The Rocking Can: A Reduced Equation of Motion and a Matched Asymptotic Solution

SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems, Volume 22, Issue 4, Page 3358-3389, December 2023.
Abstract. The rocking can problem [M. Srinivasan and A. Ruina, Phys. Rev. E, 78 (2008), 066609] consists of an empty drinks can standing upright on a horizontal plane which, when tipped back to a single contact point and released, rocks down towards the flat and level state. At the bottom of the motion, the contact point moves quickly around the rim of the can. The can then rises up again, having rotated through some finite angle of turn [math]. We recast the problem as a second order ODE and find a Frobenius solution. We then use this Frobenius solution to derive a reduced equation of motion. The rocking can exhibits two distinct phenomena: behavior very similar to an inverted pendulum, and dynamics with the angle of turn. This distinction allows us to use matched asymptotic expansions to derive a uniformly valid solution that is in excellent agreement with numerical calculations of the reduced equation of motion. The solution of the inner problem was used to investigate of the angle of turn phenomenon. We also examine the motion of the contact locus [math] and see a range of different trajectories, from circular to petaloid motion and even cusp-like behavior. Finally, we obtain an approximate lower bound for the required coefficient of friction to avoid slip.