基因组毒理学的先进技术:当前趋势和未来方向

IF 4.6
Pasquale Capone, Pieranna Chiarella, Renata Sisto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

毒物基因组学是毒理学的一个分支学科,它利用基因组学、先进的计算技术和其他高通量技术的结合来评估毒性。在过去的几年里,转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学和计算技术等技术的快速发展,使得对化学和外源物质暴露的风险评估采用了更灵活的策略。生物信息学方法与新的基因组技术相结合,使生物学、毒理学、医学,特别是职业医学的不同领域取得了非凡的进步,使这一学科的“个性化”方法成为可能。本文结合我们的经验和发现,探讨了基因组毒理学与生物信息学相结合的最新趋势及其在毒理学研究中的新应用。特别是,它显示了剂量生物标记物,在我们的情况下污染物尿液代谢物,如何允许精确的暴露评估,而效果生物标记物可以个性化,与前者显著相关。在效应生物标志物中,我们的经验主要集中在氧化应激生物标志物和miRNA谱上。最后,它显示了当特定临床结果发生时,早期效应生物标志物是如何失调的。这种早期失调可以作为个体易感性的生物标志物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Advanced technologies in genomic toxicology: Current trend and future directions

Toxicogenomics is a subdiscipline of toxicology that assesses the toxicity using a combination of genomics, advanced computational technologies, and other high-throughput techniques. In the last few years, the rapid evolution of technologies such as transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and computational technologies allowed the application of a more flexible strategy for the risk assessment due to exposure to chemical and xenobiotic substances. The integration of bioinformatics approaches with novel genomic technologies permits extraordinary advancements in different fields of biology, toxicology, medicine, and, in particular, in occupational medicine, making accessible a “personalized” approach to this discipline. The scope of this paper is to investigate the recent trend of genomic toxicology in combination with bioinformatics approaches and its novel application in toxicological studies with reference to our experience and findings. In particular, it is shown how the dose biomarkers, the pollutants urine metabolites in our case, allow a precise exposure assessment whilst effect biomarkers can be individuated, significantly associated with the former. Among the effect biomarkers, our experience is mainly focused on oxidative stress biomarkers and miRNA profiles. Finally, it is shown how the early effect biomarkers are dysregulated when specific clinical outcomes are occurring. This early dysregulation can be used as individual susceptibility biomarker.

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来源期刊
Current opinion in toxicology
Current opinion in toxicology Toxicology, Biochemistry
CiteScore
8.50
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审稿时长
64 days
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