Design and Analysis of Holmium-Doped Fiber Amplifier for WDM System in 1990 – 2100 nm Wavelength Range at Higher Bit Rates

In this paper, we focus on the performance optimization of Holmium-doped fiber amplifier (HDFA) for wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical communication system in the 1990 – 2100 nm wavelength range at higher bit rates. We investigate the proposed amplifier for 12×100 Gb/s WDM system at channel spacing of 10 nm. An average gain and noise figure of 32.17 and 8.2 dB, respectively, are obtained over the selected wavelength range at −25 dBm optimum input power per channel. An optimized Holmium-doped fiber (HDF) length of 9 m and HDFA-pump wavelength of 1950 nm are used. The operation and resulting gains of HDFA are also compared when pumped at different pumping wavelengths of 1890, 1950, and 2010 nm (fiber-laser-pumped HDFA) and 1150 nm (diode-pumped HDFA). Furthermore, the impacts of varying such parameters as the input signal power, HDF length, Ho³⁺ concentration, and HDFA pump power on gain are also investigated.