{"title":"葡萄牙的收入再分配和碳排放","authors":"Sulhi Ridzuan","doi":"10.1007/s10258-023-00244-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Portugal’s income tax system is very progressive and has a greater redistributive effect than the European Union average. This progressive income redistribution, however, comes at a cost to the environment. This note finds that—using Portuguese time series data over the period 1970–2018—income redistribution increases carbon dioxide emissions in the long run. This is consistent with the theoretical literature, which suggests that redistributing income increases consumption among the bottom class group (and thereby emissions). We propose some policy recommendations to help policymakers find a balance between social equity and climate goals. In addition, this note also shows that the most common proxy of income redistribution used in the empirical literature may be inappropriate and lead to false conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":45031,"journal":{"name":"Portuguese Economic Journal","volume":"52 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Income redistribution and carbon emissions in Portugal\",\"authors\":\"Sulhi Ridzuan\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10258-023-00244-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Portugal’s income tax system is very progressive and has a greater redistributive effect than the European Union average. This progressive income redistribution, however, comes at a cost to the environment. This note finds that—using Portuguese time series data over the period 1970–2018—income redistribution increases carbon dioxide emissions in the long run. This is consistent with the theoretical literature, which suggests that redistributing income increases consumption among the bottom class group (and thereby emissions). We propose some policy recommendations to help policymakers find a balance between social equity and climate goals. In addition, this note also shows that the most common proxy of income redistribution used in the empirical literature may be inappropriate and lead to false conclusions.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":45031,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Portuguese Economic Journal\",\"volume\":\"52 3\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-11-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Portuguese Economic Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"96\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10258-023-00244-3\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"经济学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ECONOMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Portuguese Economic Journal","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10258-023-00244-3","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Income redistribution and carbon emissions in Portugal
Portugal’s income tax system is very progressive and has a greater redistributive effect than the European Union average. This progressive income redistribution, however, comes at a cost to the environment. This note finds that—using Portuguese time series data over the period 1970–2018—income redistribution increases carbon dioxide emissions in the long run. This is consistent with the theoretical literature, which suggests that redistributing income increases consumption among the bottom class group (and thereby emissions). We propose some policy recommendations to help policymakers find a balance between social equity and climate goals. In addition, this note also shows that the most common proxy of income redistribution used in the empirical literature may be inappropriate and lead to false conclusions.
期刊介绍:
The Portuguese Economic Journal publishes high-quality theoretical, empirical, applied or policy-oriented research papers on any field in economics. We enforce a rigorous, fair and prompt refereeing process. The geographical reference in the name of the journal only means that the journal is an initiative of Portuguese scholars. There is no bias in favour of particular topics and issues.Officially cited as: Port Econ J