2020年南极臭氧空洞

IF 3.6 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences
Andrew R. Klekociuk, Matthew B. Tully, Paul B. Krummel, Stuart I. Henderson, Dan Smale, Richard Querel, Sylvia Nichol, Simon P. Alexander, Paul J. Fraser, Gerald Nedoluha
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引用次数: 0

摘要

南极臭氧空洞仍然是科学界关注的焦点,因为它对生物圈的健康及其对南半球气候的影响具有重要意义。在这里,我们使用各种观测和再分析数据来研究2020年南极臭氧空洞的一般特征,并将其行为与早些年进行比较和对比。2020年臭氧空洞的主要特征是规模较大,并持续到2020/2021年夏初,11月和12月的臭氧空洞日面积和臭氧质量赤字都创下了新的最大记录。这与2019年形成鲜明对比,当时臭氧空洞是观测到的最小空洞之一。我们表明,2020年的一个关键因素是平流层极地涡旋的相对稳定性和强度,这使得南极平流层下层的低温在与全球大气其他部分相对隔离的情况下增强了臭氧消耗反应。这些条件与南纬高纬度地区相对较弱的罗斯贝波活动有关,这种活动发生在准两年一次涛动的西风增强阶段以及El Niño南方涛动的La Niña阶段。初夏条件的一个结果是在澳大利亚的莫森、戴维斯和凯西三个南极研究站测量了新的紫外线辐射最大值。提供了2020年冬季之前南极洲到达高地以上氯分配异常的迹象,这可能与2019/2020年澳大利亚野火的影响有关。我们还研究了2020年臭氧空洞对更广泛南半球气候的向下耦合的影响,这显示了与其他强涡年相同的对地表温度和降水的区域影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Antarctic ozone hole during 2020

The Antarctic ozone hole remains the focus of scientific attention because of its importance to the health of the biosphere and its influence on the climate of the southern hemisphere. Here we examine the general characteristics of the 2020 Antarctic ozone hole using a variety of observational and reanalysis data and compare and contrast its behaviour with earlier years. The main feature of the 2020 ozone hole was its relatively large size, and persistence to the beginning of the 2020/2021 summer, with new maximum records being set for the ozone hole daily area and ozone mass deficit during November and December. This was in strong contrast to 2019 when the ozone hole was one of the smallest observed. We show that a key factor in 2020 was the relative stability and strength of the stratospheric polar vortex, which allowed low temperatures in the Antarctic lower stratosphere to enhance ozone depletion reactions in relative isolation from the rest of the global atmosphere. These conditions were associated with relatively weak Rossby wave activity at high southern latitudes that occurred during the strengthening westerly phase of the Quasi Biennial Oscillation as well as the emerging La Niña phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation. A consequence of the conditions in early summer was the measurement of new maximum values of ultraviolet radiation at Australia’s three Antarctic research stations of Mawson, Davis and Casey. Indications of anomalous chlorine partitioning above Arrival Heights in Antarctica prior to the 2020 winter are provided, which may relate to effects from the 2019/2020 Australian wildfires. We also examine the effect of the downward coupling of the 2020 ozone hole to the climate of the wider southern hemisphere, which showed regional influences on surface temperature and precipitation in common with other strong vortex years.

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来源期刊
Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science
Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science Earth and Planetary Sciences-Oceanography
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
8.30%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science (JSHESS) publishes broad areas of research with a distinct emphasis on the Southern Hemisphere. The scope of the Journal encompasses the study of the mean state, variability and change of the atmosphere, oceans, and land surface, including the cryosphere, from hemispheric to regional scales. general circulation of the atmosphere and oceans, climate change and variability , climate impacts, climate modelling , past change in the climate system including palaeoclimate variability, atmospheric dynamics, synoptic meteorology, mesoscale meteorology and severe weather, tropical meteorology, observation systems, remote sensing of atmospheric, oceanic and land surface processes, weather, climate and ocean prediction, atmospheric and oceanic composition and chemistry, physical oceanography, air‐sea interactions, coastal zone processes, hydrology, cryosphere‐atmosphere interactions, land surface‐atmosphere interactions, space weather, including impacts and mitigation on technology, ionospheric, magnetospheric, auroral and space physics, data assimilation applied to the above subject areas . Authors are encouraged to contact the Editor for specific advice on whether the subject matter of a proposed submission is appropriate for the Journal of Southern Hemisphere Earth Systems Science.
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