教育与晚年死亡率:来自日本学校改革的证据

Kazuya Masuda, Hitoshi Shigeoka
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摘要

我们研究了1947年日本学校改革对死亡率的影响,该改革将义务教育从小学延长到中学长达3年。中学学费的取消也表明,受改革影响的人可能来自原本可以从上学中获益最多的贫困家庭。即使在这个相对有利的环境下,我们也没有发现改革提高了87岁以下的老年人死亡率,尽管它显著提高了受教育年限。这一发现表明,在受教育程度较低的情况下,上学对健康的回报有限。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Education and Later-life Mortality: Evidence from a School Reform in Japan
We examine the mortality effects of a 1947 school reform in Japan, which extended compulsory schooling from primary to secondary school by as much as 3 years. The abolition of secondary school fees also indicates that those affected by the reform likely came from disadvantaged families who could have benefited the most from schooling. Even in this relatively favorable setting, we fail to find that the reform improved later-life mortality up to the age of 87 years, although it significantly increased years of schooling. This finding suggests limited health returns to schooling at the lower level of educational attainment.
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