海岸带湿地恢复的空间显性生态系统解释

IF 6.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Micheli D. P. Costa , Melissa Wartman , Peter I. Macreadie , Lawrance W. Ferns , Rhiannon L. Holden , Daniel Ierodiaconou , Kimberley J. MacDonald , Tessa K. Mazor , Rebecca Morris , Emily Nicholson , Andrew Pomeroy , Elisa A. Zavadil , Mary Young , Rohan Snartt , Paul Carnell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

沿海湿地(即红树林、盐沼和海草)已被认为是一种有效的自然气候解决方案,有助于缓解和适应气候变化。众所周知,这些生态系统还为沿海社区提供额外的生态系统服务(例如,渔业和生物多样性的增强,营养物质的去除)。尽管它们对海岸和沿海社区很重要,但我们缺乏关于这些生态系统价值的空间明确信息,以及沿海管理活动对恢复它们的投资回报的估计。在这里,我们将环境经济核算框架与情景分析相结合,以维多利亚州(澳大利亚)的红树林、盐沼和海草为例,开发了一套核算方法,包括以下生态系统服务:商业和休闲渔业、碳和氮固存以及沿海减灾。重要的是,我们评估了这些沿海生态系统目前的范围、状况和生态系统服务(物质和货币),并研究了如何通过管理行动来改善它们。总体而言,我们发现维多利亚州现有的红树林、盐沼和海草每年提供的综合效益(即氮和碳固存、渔业和沿海减灾)约为1209亿澳元。考虑到本研究中包括的管理方案,我们的分析表明,拆除堤坝加管理撤退的成本最高,为76亿澳元;然而,它也提供了50年后最高的净收益134.8万亿澳元,贴现率为5%。相比之下,围栏是恢复红树林和盐沼最经济的管理措施,50年后的收益超过1400亿澳元。虽然我们的研究结果表明,如果大规模恢复沿海湿地,投资回报很大,但小规模项目的实施仍然是一个主要挑战。然而,本研究表明,结合情景分析的环境经济核算框架是指导决策过程的有力方法,它提供了关于红树林和盐沼恢复的估计投资回报的关键信息,并对地方尺度行动的影响产生了令人鼓舞的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Spatially explicit ecosystem accounts for coastal wetland restoration

Coastal wetlands (i.e., mangroves, saltmarshes, and seagrasses) have been recognised as an efficient natural climate solution to help mitigate and adapt to climate change. These ecosystems are also known to provide additional ecosystem services to coastal communities (e.g., fisheries and biodiversity enhancement, nutrient removal). Despite their importance to coasts and coastal communities, we lack spatially explicit information on the values of these ecosystems and the estimated return on investment from coastal management activities to rehabilitate them. Here, we aligned an environmental economic accounting framework combined with a scenario analysis to develop a set of accounts for mangroves, saltmarshes, and seagrasses across the state of Victoria (Australia) as a case study, including the following ecosystem services: commercial and recreational fisheries, carbon and nitrogen sequestration, and coastal hazard mitigation. Importantly, we assessed the current extent, condition, and ecosystem services (physical and monetary) from these coastal ecosystems and examined how they could be improved through management actions. Overall, we found that the combined benefit (i.e., nitrogen and carbon sequestration, fisheries, and coastal hazard mitigation) provided by existing mangroves, saltmarshes, and seagrasses in Victoria is approximately AUD120.9 billion per year. Considering the management scenarios included in this study, our analysis showed that levee removal plus managed retreat had the highest cost at AUD7.6 billion; however, it also provided the highest net benefit of AUD134.8 trillion after 50 years, with a 5 % discount rate. In contrast, fencing was the cheapest management action to restore mangroves and saltmarshes, delivering more than AUD140 billion after 50 years. While our results demonstrate a large return on investment if coastal wetlands are restored at large scale, the implementation of small-scale projects is still a major challenge. However, this study demonstrates that an environmental economic accounting framework combined with a scenario analysis is a powerful approach to guide the decision-making process, providing critical information on the estimated return-on-investment from restoration of mangroves and saltmarshes, with encouraging implications of the impacts of actions at local scales.

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来源期刊
Ecosystem Services
Ecosystem Services ECOLOGYENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES&-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CiteScore
14.90
自引率
7.90%
发文量
109
期刊介绍: Ecosystem Services is an international, interdisciplinary journal that is associated with the Ecosystem Services Partnership (ESP). The journal is dedicated to exploring the science, policy, and practice related to ecosystem services, which are the various ways in which ecosystems contribute to human well-being, both directly and indirectly. Ecosystem Services contributes to the broader goal of ensuring that the benefits of ecosystems are recognized, valued, and sustainably managed for the well-being of current and future generations. The journal serves as a platform for scholars, practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders to share their findings and insights, fostering collaboration and innovation in the field of ecosystem services.
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