Feasibility of Improving Global Health in Underserved Populations by Utilizing Service-Learning and Pro Bono Physical Therapy: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Restrictions in access and affordability of health care across the world limits global health. Pro bono physical therapy through service-learning in Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) curricula has been proposed to address these limitations. However, there is a lack of research regarding best practice. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of improving global health in underserved populations by utilizing service-learning and pro bono PT through a systematic literature review.

Methods: Peer-reviewed articles were selected based on the following criteria: the study evaluated a service-learning and/or pro bono program utilizing PT students, the program included service to underserved populations and focused on global health, and the study included defined student and/or patient outcomes.

Results: The original search yielded 397 articles, of which 10 were selected for the final analysis. The strength of evidence for these 10 qualitative studies was determined. Service-learning and/or pro bono PT models varied across studies. Outcomes assessed focused on individual changes in the APTA Core Values Self-Assessment, student development, and community satisfaction.

Conclusion: Service-learning and pro bono models may improve global health in underserved populations. However, there is limited research between these models and improvement of global health. Service-learning and pro bono models should incorporate the use of the APTA's Core Values, address mentorship, and sustainability for all stakeholders.