Cost-effectiveness analysis of Avance® allograft for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries in the USA.

Aim: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a debilitating condition with significant associated morbidity, and which places a substantial socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Recently, allograft has emerged as a viable surgical alternative to autograft for the treatment of PNI. This study evaluated the cost effectiveness of allograft (Avance^® Nerve Graft) compared with autograft for the peripheral nerve repair, from a US payer perspective. Methods: A Markov cohort model was developed to consider the treatment pathways followed by a patient population undergoing a single transected nerve repair with either allograft, or autograft. The marginal difference in meaningful recovery (MR) (effectiveness), and costs, between the two groups were estimated over a lifetime horizon. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA) were performed to consider the uncertainty surrounding the base-case input parameter values and their effect on the overall incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Results: The base-case analysis indicates that there is a small difference in the average probability of MR between the two groups (75.15% vs 70.46%; +4.69% with allograft). Allograft also results in cost savings ($12,677 vs $14,023; -$-1346 with allograft) compared with autograft. Deterministic sensitivity analysis shows that the costs of the initial surgical procedures are the main drivers of incremental cost, but that the intervention is likely to be cost saving compared with autograft regardless of the parameter variations made. Conclusion: The use of allograft with the Avance Nerve Graft has the potential to be a cost-effective alternative to autograft for the surgical treatment of PNI in the USA.