Zuly A Sánchez-Florentino, Bianca S Romero-Martínez, Edgar Flores-Soto, Héctor Serrano, Luis M Montaño, Marcela Valdés-Tovar, Eduardo Calixto, Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez, Germán O López-Riquelme, Ramón Alvarado, Jesús Argueta, Héctor Solís-Chagoyán, Bettina Sommer
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引用次数: 0
摘要
精神分裂症(SZ)是一种多因素疾病,其特征是灰质和白质体积减少、氧化应激、神经炎症、神经传递改变以及分子缺陷,如打乱- in - Schizophrenia - 1蛋白的准时突变。在这方面,有必要了解潜在的分子干扰,以确定疾病的病理生理机制。G蛋白偶联受体(gpcr)激活的信号通路是SZ发生改变的关键分子信号通路。需要设计和验证方便的模型来在细胞水平上研究这些过程和机制。利用培养的嗅觉干细胞研究与SZ病理生理相关的神经分子和细胞改变。多能性人嗅觉干细胞是一种未分化且表达gpcr的细胞,参与多种生理功能,如增殖、分化和生物能量学。使用从SZ患者获得的嗅觉干细胞可以识别GPCR信号的改变,这些改变是未分化和特化神经元或衍生神经胶质细胞功能障碍过程的基础。现就gpcr及其信号转导在SZ病理生理中的作用进行综述。嗅觉上皮细胞的培养是在细胞水平上研究SZ和其他精神疾病的合适模型。
Potential of olfactory neuroepithelial cells as a model to study schizophrenia: A focus on GPCRs (Review).
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by volume reduction in gray and white matter, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, altered neurotransmission, as well as molecular deficiencies such as punctual mutation in Disrupted‑in‑Schizophrenia 1 protein. In this regard, it is essential to understand the underlying molecular disturbances to determine the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease. The signaling pathways activated by G protein‑coupled receptors (GPCRs) are key molecular signaling pathways altered in SZ. Convenient models need to be designed and validated to study these processes and mechanisms at the cellular level. Cultured olfactory stem cells are used to investigate neural molecular and cellular alterations related to the pathophysiology of SZ. Multipotent human olfactory stem cells are undifferentiated and express GPCRs involved in numerous physiological functions such as proliferation, differentiation and bioenergetics. The use of olfactory stem cells obtained from patients with SZ may identify alterations in GPCR signaling that underlie dysfunctional processes in both undifferentiated and specialized neurons or derived neuroglia. The present review aimed to analyze the role of GPCRs and their signaling in the pathophysiology of SZ. Culture of olfactory epithelial cells constitutes a suitable model to study SZ and other psychiatric disorders at the cellular level.
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