长期施氮对丛枝菌根树和外生菌根树植物-微生物相互作用的影响不同

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Joseph E. Carrara, Nanette C. Raczka, Edward R. Brzostek
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引用次数: 0

摘要

温带森林氮(N)有效性的提高改变了生态系统碳(C)和氮循环。最近的研究表明,这些变化导致树木地下碳分配减少,而这些减少对土壤碳和养分循环的影响可能因菌根类型而异。我们假设,与丛枝菌根真菌(AM)相关的树木相比,与外生菌根真菌(ECM)相关的树木在响应> 25年的N施肥时,根系和菌根真菌的碳分配减少程度更大。我们进一步假设,N诱导的ECM树根与微生物的解耦可以通过细胞外酶活性的更大下降来证明。在美国西弗吉尼亚州Fernow试验林的6个AM和6个ECM占主导地位的样地和参考流域中,测定了土壤中碳对细根生物量的分配和菌根定植。我们将这些结果与有机层、大块矿物和根际土壤组分中简单c、复合c、氮和磷获取酶活性的测量结果进行了比较。施氮减少了AM和ECM林分细根生物量和菌根定植。我们发现在氮肥处理下,ECM土壤的酶活性比AM土壤更一致地降低,这可能是由于根碳向土壤微生物转移的更大下降。这一机制有助于解释不同氮梯度和施肥试验下土壤碳循环响应的变异性,并可能有助于预测土壤碳储量对氮沉降的响应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Long-term nitrogen fertilization impacts plant-microbial interactions differently in arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal trees

Long-term nitrogen fertilization impacts plant-microbial interactions differently in arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal trees

Long-term nitrogen fertilization impacts plant-microbial interactions differently in arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal trees

Enhanced nitrogen (N) availability in temperate forests has altered ecosystem carbon (C) and N cycling. Recent research has shown that these alterations lead to reductions in belowground C allocation by trees and that the consequences of these reductions on soil C and nutrient cycling may vary by mycorrhizal type. We hypothesized that trees that associate with ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) would reduce C allocation towards roots and mycorrhizal fungi to a greater extent than trees that associate with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) in response to > 25 years of N fertilization. We further hypothesized that N induced decoupling of roots and microbes in ECM trees would be evidenced by greater declines in extracellular enzyme activities. We measured belowground C allocation to fine root biomass and mycorrhizal colonization in 6 AM and 6 ECM dominated plots in the N fertilized and reference watersheds at the Fernow Experimental Forest in West Virginia, USA. We compared these to measurements of simple-C, complex-C, nitrogen, and phosphorus acquiring enzyme activities in organic horizon, bulk mineral, and rhizosphere soil fractions. N fertilization reduced fine root biomass and mycorrhizal colonization in both AM and ECM stands. We found more consistent reductions in enzyme activities in ECM soils than AM soils under N fertilization which may have been driven by greater declines in root-C transfer to soil microbes. This mechanism helps to explain variability in soil C cycling responses across N gradient and fertilization experiments and may prove useful in predicting the fate of soil C stocks in response to N deposition.

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来源期刊
Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
112
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: Biogeochemistry publishes original and synthetic papers dealing with biotic controls on the chemistry of the environment, or with the geochemical control of the structure and function of ecosystems. Cycles are considered, either of individual elements or of specific classes of natural or anthropogenic compounds in ecosystems. Particular emphasis is given to coupled interactions of element cycles. The journal spans from the molecular to global scales to elucidate the mechanisms driving patterns in biogeochemical cycles through space and time. Studies on both natural and artificial ecosystems are published when they contribute to a general understanding of biogeochemistry.
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