女人中的女人:1947年前后中国传统家庭中的女性代理

Bas van Leeuwen, Jieli Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

关于当今中国女性在家庭中的代理地位,存在着很大的争论。尽管争论的双方都对历史能动性做出了隐含的假设,但由于我们缺乏关于历史上下层家庭中女性能动性的信息,因此很少建立直接联系。在本文中,我们使用了一个独特的数据集来分析1947年中国江西省余干县农村家庭中妇女的排名,当时传统家庭仍占主导地位。主要结论是,与许多关于这个主题的经典文献相反,传统中国家庭中女性的地位远没有想象的那么严格,大多数女性在她们生命的某个阶段都是当家作主的。这主要是由性别问题造成的,比如儿子成为一家之主,从而提高妻子的地位,但其他潜在的儿媳(一家之主的兄弟的妻子)最终会成为助手。然而,其他因素也起着作用。例如,我们发现传统教育对女性能动性有积极的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Woman among women: Female agency in traditional Chinese households, circa 1947

There is a big debate on the level of present-day female agency within the household in China. Even though the two sides of the debate make implicit assumptions on historical agency, a direct link is rarely established as we lack information on historical female agency among lower class households. In this paper we use a unique dataset on the ranking of women in the household for rural Yugan County (Jiangxi province, China) for the year 1947 when traditional households were still dominant.

The main conclusion is that, contrary to much of the classic literature on the subject, ranking among females in traditional Chinese households was much less rigid than expected, with most women being in charge at a certain point in their lives. This was mostly driven by gender-specific issues such as a son's taking over as the head of the household, thereby raising his wife's status, but with potential other daughters-in-law (wives of the brothers of the head of the household) ending up as assistants Yet, other factors also play a role. For example, we find a positive impact of traditional education on female agency.

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