东北太平洋数十年的大叶藻草甸动态支持海景尺度的保护

IF 3.1 2区 农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES
S H Munsch, R K Walter, B L Sanderson, L Reshitnyk, J K O'Leary, P M Kiffney, M Hessing-Lewis, T G Gerwing, C A Endris, W B Chesney, K M Beheshti, F L Beaty
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要/ Abstract摘要:大叶草草甸为近岸生态系统提供了重要的生境和服务,但由于人类活动的压力,大叶草草甸逐渐减少,保护工作正在广泛开展。动态生态系统,如大叶藻草甸,会随着干扰和招募在海景中展开而自然地重新排列。然而,一些保护大叶藻的决定只考虑了现存的草甸,从而忽视了潜在的变化。在这里,我们报告了几十年来在东北太平洋观察到的大叶藻动态。我们的观察结果支持将保护扩展到海景尺度,包括潜在的可居住区域以及现有的草甸。我们发现,总海景草甸面积随着时间的推移而变化,而海景内部的变化往往是异步的。一些草地在几公里甚至几十年的时间里重新排列在海景上。此外,一些海景划分了草甸崩塌,这使得后来的恢复成为可能,或者支持了当地的补充,从而大大增加了草甸总面积。这些观测结果与等级斑块动力学一致,这促进了生态系统在更大的空间和时间尺度上的持久性。因此,为了支持大叶藻持续存在的动力,有必要在海景中保留许多大叶藻栖息地的选择,而不是只保护现有的草地。考虑到动态的、分层的生态系统在海洋海岸线上很常见,这种方法可能对一般近岸生态系统,尤其是大叶藻都有效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Decades of eelgrass meadow dynamics across the northeast Pacific support seascape-scale conservation
Abstract Eelgrass meadows provide vital nearshore habitats and ecosystem services, but they have declined from human stressors and conservation efforts are now widespread. Dynamic ecosystems like eelgrass meadows naturally rearrange as disturbance and recruitment unfold across seascapes. However, some decisions that protect eelgrass only consider extant meadows, thus ignoring the potential for change. Here, we report decades of eelgrass dynamics observed across the northeast Pacific. Our observations support conservation expanded to the seascape scale, which includes potentially inhabitable areas along with extant meadows. We found that total seascape meadow area changed over time, and changes within seascapes were often asynchronous. Some meadows rearranged across seascapes over multiple kilometres and decades. Also, some seascapes compartmentalized meadow collapse, which enabled later recovery, or supported local recruitment that substantially increased total meadow area. These observations were consistent with hierarchical patch dynamics, which promote ecosystem persistence over larger space and time scales. Thus, to enable the dynamics that underpin eelgrass persistence, it is necessary to keep many eelgrass habitat options open across seascapes, rather than protect only extant meadows. Given that dynamic, hierarchical ecosystems are common along marine shorelines, this approach may be effective for both nearshore ecosystems in general and for eelgrass in particular.
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来源期刊
ICES Journal of Marine Science
ICES Journal of Marine Science 农林科学-海洋学
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
207
审稿时长
6-16 weeks
期刊介绍: The ICES Journal of Marine Science publishes original articles, opinion essays (“Food for Thought”), visions for the future (“Quo Vadimus”), and critical reviews that contribute to our scientific understanding of marine systems and the impact of human activities on them. The Journal also serves as a foundation for scientific advice across the broad spectrum of management and conservation issues related to the marine environment. Oceanography (e.g. productivity-determining processes), marine habitats, living resources, and related topics constitute the key elements of papers considered for publication. This includes economic, social, and public administration studies to the extent that they are directly related to management of the seas and are of general interest to marine scientists. Integrated studies that bridge gaps between traditional disciplines are particularly welcome.
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