阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停机制的研究。

Acta physiologica Polonica Pub Date : 1989-09-01
A Kukwa, H Gromysz, U Jernajczyk, W A Karczewski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一些观察结果表明,髓舌骨神经(NV)可能在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)的机制中起关键作用。这种神经的活动通常抵消吸气时上呼吸道的塌陷。因此,这种活动的任何减少都可能促进窒息发作的发生。我们研究了氯氯脲脲麻醉、curare麻痹和人工通气对兔NV活性、膈神经和面神经活性的影响,并记录了乙醇和肺充气对NV活性的影响。在对照条件下,NV表现出相性呼气活性;迷走神经切开术后,观察吸入成分。肺充气强烈增强NV的呼气活动,而膈神经和面神经活动(均为吸气相)通常被抑制。注射5 ml 20%乙醇对NV活性有很强的抑制作用。这些结果可能证实了NV在OSA发病机制中的重要作用。众所周知,OSA患者对酒精特别敏感,这一事实在NV活性对乙醇注射的反应中得到了支持。对呼吸控制器的三个输出的放电模式的分析可能进一步表明,第v神经核参与呼吸模式的控制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Studies on the mechanism of obstructive sleep apnea.

Several observations indicate that the mylohyoid nerve (NV) may play a crucial part in the mechanisms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The activity of this nerve normally counteracts the collapse of the upper airways during inspiration. Any reduction in this activity may thus facilitate the occurrence of apnoeic spells. We have studied the effects of ethanol and lung inflations on the activity of NV recorded along with the activities of phrenic and facial nerve in rabbits anaesthetised with chloralose-urethan, paralyzed with curare and artificially ventilated. Under the control conditions the NV exhibited phasic expiratory activity; after vagotomy and additional, inspiratory component was observed. Lung inflation strongly enhanced the expiratory activity of NV whereas both the phrenic and facial nerve activities (both phasic-inspiratory) were typically inhibited. An injection of 5 ml of 20% ethanol very strongly inhibited the NV activity. The results may confirm the importance of NV in the mechanism of OSA. The well-known fact that OSA patients are particularly sensitive to alcohol finds support in the response of NV activity to ethanol injection. The analysis of the patterns of discharges of the three outputs from the respiratory controller may additionally suggest that the Vth nerve nucleus is involved in the control of respiratory pattern.

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