The role of immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute natural focal disease of a viral nature. Its severity is determined by hemorrhagic phenomena, cytokine storm, kidney damage with the development of acute renal failure, and the possibility of death. HFRS is caused by viruses from the family Hantaviridae. Hantaviruses are characterized by the ability to infect endothelial and epithelial cells of the renal tubules, as well as innate immunity cells (neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells), which leads to both direct damage to the immune system and indirect through a violation of their functions. The review analyzes the immune mechanisms in HFRS and their role in the pathogenesis of this disease.