下加利福尼亚河(墨西哥)现代砂的来源:轻矿物和重矿物的岩石学限制

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY
Anna Chiara Tangari, Andò Sergio, Marinangeli Lucia, Consuele Morrone, Riber Lars, Emilia Le Pera
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了更好地理解复杂的岩浆弧地体与地表过程之间的相互关系,我们利用高分辨率岩石学和致密矿物数据研究了墨西哥下加利福尼亚州埃尔罗萨里奥(El Rosario)、圣费尔南多(San Fernando)和圣维森特(San Vicente)河流域现代砂的侵蚀模式。这三条河流的现代沙子组成反映了源头地区的性质,它位于阿利西托斯弧(半岛山脉,下加利福尼亚,墨西哥)的中心部分。砂屑模式与El Rosario河、San Fernando河和San Vicente河的主要构造单元相对应:1)早白垩世Alisitos群洋弧,2)古生代至中生代大陆边缘变质沉积岩,3)白垩纪岩体,4)上白垩世至第三纪沉积岩,5)第三纪火山岩。圣维森特河、圣费尔南多河和埃尔罗萨里奥河的现代砂主要来自岩浆弧的侵蚀,主要由少量长石-岩屑(Fl)到石英岩-长石-长石(qFL)砂和主要的石英石-长石-岩屑(qLF)和石英石-长石-石英(lQF)砂组成。格架岩相学还显示石英、钾长石、沉积和变质岩屑逐渐增多,火山岩屑逐渐减少。砂岩,在吕氏区,有微晶(Lvmi)、长晶石(Lvf)和板条(Lvl)类型,以及微量的玻璃粒(Lvv),如浮石颗粒。阿利西托弧的安山岩火山省沉积石英贫砂,主要含微岩屑碎屑和斜长石,而长英质流纹岩、流纹岩和粗质流纹岩产物的砂则主要含长英质火山岩屑,少量的板状岩屑主要来自次级玄武岩。河砂样品中侵入岩碎片、火山和沉积岩屑的丰度忠实地代表了各流域盆地中由沉积岩和变质沉积岩以及火山、深成岩和中高变质岩组成的非均质基岩暴露体的相对丰度。透明的重矿物组合包括大量的角闪石、辉石、绿帘石、钛矿、锆石和少量的橄榄石、金红石、放光石、碧玺、石榴石、蓝晶石、红柱石、硅线石和磷灰石,与以岩浆为主,主要是火山(安山岩、流纹岩和玄武岩)和次级深岩体(花岗质岩石)和变质岩为特征的混合物源相吻合。角闪石、辉石等易蚀矿物主要表现为溶蚀作用和古、今半干旱气候下的化学风化作用。重矿物模式的锆石+碧玺+金红石指数,以及它们的亚圆形颗粒表面结构,表明它们来自沉积烃源岩的再循环。San Fernando和San Vincente河砂的重矿物丰度和风化结构主要与火山基岩岩性相匹配,而El Rosario河砂与沉积和元沉积烃源岩相匹配。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Provenance of modern sands from Baja California rivers (Mexico): petrographic constraints from light and heavy minerals
ABSTRACT We used high-resolution petrographic and dense-mineral data on modern sand to investigate erosion patterns of the El Rosario, San Fernando, and San Vicente river basins of Baja California (Mexico) to better understand the interrelationships between a complex magmatic arc terrane and surface processes. Modern sand composition of these three rivers reflects the nature of the source region, which lies in the central part of the Alisitos arc (Peninsular Ranges, Baja California, Mexico). The sand detrital modes correspond well with the main structural units drained by the El Rosario, San Fernando, and San Vicente rivers: 1) the Early Cretaceous oceanic arc of the Alisitos Group, 2) the Paleozoic to Mesozoic continental-margin metasedimentary rocks, 3) the Cretaceous plutons, 4) the Upper Cretaceous to Tertiary sedimentary rocks, and 5) the Tertiary volcanics. The modern sand of the San Vicente, San Fernando, and El Rosario rivers is fed chiefly from erosion of a magmatic arc and consists mostly of minor feldspatho-lithic (Fl) to quartzo-litho-feldspathic (qFL) sand and dominant quartzo-feldspatho-lithic (qLF) and litho-feldspatho-quartzose (lQF) sand. Framework petrography also suggests a progressive increase in quartz, K-feldspar, sedimentary and metamorphic lithic fragments, and a decrease in volcanic lithic fragments. Sand, in the Lv field, microlitic (Lvmi), felsitic (Lvf) and lathwork (Lvl) types, and trace amounts of vitric grains (Lvv), such as pumice particles. The andesitic volcanic province of the Alisitos arc sheds quartz-poor sand containing mainly microlitic lithic fragments and plagioclase, whereas sand derived from more felsic rhyolites and rhyodacitic and trachyandesitic products contains largely felsitic volcanic lithics and minor lathwork lithics are mainly derived from subordinate basalts. The abundance of intrusive rock fragments and volcanic and sedimentary lithics of the sampled river sands faithfully represents the relative abundance of a heterogeneous bedrock exposure consisting of sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks, as well as volcanic, plutonic, and medium- to high-grade metamorphic rocks in each drainage basin. Transparent heavy-mineral assemblages including major amounts of amphibole, pyroxene, epidote, titanite, zircon, and minor amounts of staurolite, rutile, actinolite, tourmaline, garnet, kyanite, andalusite, sillimanite, and apatite are in good agreement with a mixed provenance characterized mainly by magmatic, primarily volcanic (andesite, rhyolite, and basalt) and secondarily plutonic (granitoid rocks) and metamorphic source rocks. Some labile species such as hornblende and pyroxene grains show mainly corroded to etched morphologies due to dissolution processes and by chemical weathering processes occurring in a paleo and current semiarid climate. The Zircon+Tourmaline+Rutile index of the heavy-mineral modes, coupled with their subrounded to rounded grain surface texture, indicates recycling from the sedimentary source rocks. Heavy-mineral abundance and weathering textures in the San Fernando and San Vincente river sands match predominantly volcanic bedrock lithologies, while the El Rosario river sands match sedimentary and metasedimentary source rocks.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
5.00%
发文量
50
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal is broad and international in scope and welcomes contributions that further the fundamental understanding of sedimentary processes, the origin of sedimentary deposits, the workings of sedimentary systems, and the records of earth history contained within sedimentary rocks.
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