澳大利亚喜鹊遇机事件中的性别和年龄偏见

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Western Birds Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI:10.3390/birds4040025
William K. Steele, Michael A. Weston
{"title":"澳大利亚喜鹊遇机事件中的性别和年龄偏见","authors":"William K. Steele, Michael A. Weston","doi":"10.3390/birds4040025","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Wildlife–aircraft collisions represent a safety and financial challenge, necessitating site-specific hazard assessments, which are generally based on species’ attributes and collision frequencies. However, for many bird species, collision probability and risk may not be distributed equally among individuals, with sex and age differences possible but rarely examined. We examine Australian Magpies, a resident, grassland species of bird in southeastern Australia frequently involved in collisions with aircraft at airports, and which can be sexed (adults) and aged. We compared collision rates recorded at Melbourne Airport, Victoria, Australia, with airside counts of magpies, recording, when observable, the sex and age of the birds. Adult females and males were similarly abundant at the airport (46.6% female), but females were struck relatively more frequently than males (78.1% female). Juvenile (first-year) magpies were struck more frequently than expected based on their representation in bird counts. We show an example of where some demographic groups within species represent higher hazard potential to aircraft than others, and management which manipulates demography of magpies at and near the airport (such as discouraging local breeding and targeted harassment/dispersal) may be fruitful.","PeriodicalId":52426,"journal":{"name":"Western Birds","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Sex and Age Bias in Australian Magpies Struck by Aircraft\",\"authors\":\"William K. Steele, Michael A. Weston\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/birds4040025\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Wildlife–aircraft collisions represent a safety and financial challenge, necessitating site-specific hazard assessments, which are generally based on species’ attributes and collision frequencies. However, for many bird species, collision probability and risk may not be distributed equally among individuals, with sex and age differences possible but rarely examined. We examine Australian Magpies, a resident, grassland species of bird in southeastern Australia frequently involved in collisions with aircraft at airports, and which can be sexed (adults) and aged. We compared collision rates recorded at Melbourne Airport, Victoria, Australia, with airside counts of magpies, recording, when observable, the sex and age of the birds. Adult females and males were similarly abundant at the airport (46.6% female), but females were struck relatively more frequently than males (78.1% female). Juvenile (first-year) magpies were struck more frequently than expected based on their representation in bird counts. We show an example of where some demographic groups within species represent higher hazard potential to aircraft than others, and management which manipulates demography of magpies at and near the airport (such as discouraging local breeding and targeted harassment/dispersal) may be fruitful.\",\"PeriodicalId\":52426,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Western Birds\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-10-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Western Birds\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds4040025\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"Agricultural and Biological Sciences\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Western Birds","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/birds4040025","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

野生动物与飞机的碰撞是一项安全和财务挑战,需要根据物种属性和碰撞频率进行特定地点的危害评估。然而,对于许多鸟类物种来说,碰撞概率和风险在个体之间的分布可能并不均匀,性别和年龄可能存在差异,但很少进行研究。我们研究了澳大利亚喜鹊,这是一种居住在澳大利亚东南部的草原鸟类,经常在机场与飞机相撞,并且可以区分性别(成年)和年龄。我们将澳大利亚维多利亚州墨尔本机场记录的碰撞率与空中喜鹊的数量进行了比较,在可观察到的情况下,记录了鸟类的性别和年龄。机场内成年雌蚊和成年雄蚊数量相似(雌蚊占46.6%),但雌蚊被殴的频率相对高于雄蚊(雌蚊78.1%)。幼喜鹊(一岁)被袭击的频率比预期的要高,这是基于它们在鸟类数量中的代表性。我们展示了一个例子,其中物种中的某些人口统计群体对飞机的潜在危害比其他群体更高,而控制机场及其附近喜鹊的人口统计(例如阻止当地繁殖和有针对性的骚扰/分散)的管理可能会取得丰硕成果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sex and Age Bias in Australian Magpies Struck by Aircraft
Wildlife–aircraft collisions represent a safety and financial challenge, necessitating site-specific hazard assessments, which are generally based on species’ attributes and collision frequencies. However, for many bird species, collision probability and risk may not be distributed equally among individuals, with sex and age differences possible but rarely examined. We examine Australian Magpies, a resident, grassland species of bird in southeastern Australia frequently involved in collisions with aircraft at airports, and which can be sexed (adults) and aged. We compared collision rates recorded at Melbourne Airport, Victoria, Australia, with airside counts of magpies, recording, when observable, the sex and age of the birds. Adult females and males were similarly abundant at the airport (46.6% female), but females were struck relatively more frequently than males (78.1% female). Juvenile (first-year) magpies were struck more frequently than expected based on their representation in bird counts. We show an example of where some demographic groups within species represent higher hazard potential to aircraft than others, and management which manipulates demography of magpies at and near the airport (such as discouraging local breeding and targeted harassment/dispersal) may be fruitful.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
Western Birds
Western Birds Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信