Girma Nigussie, Mekbib Fekadu, Cara Steger, Bikila Warkineh, Sebsebe Demissew
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引用次数: 0
摘要
埃塞俄比亚山区是8800万人口的家园,是一个高度多样化的景观。非洲高山生态系统分布在3000平方米以上,具有高度的物种多样性、稀有性和特有性。本文的目的是研究人工林对非洲高寒地区人类和植物群落的影响。我们以中北部高地的社区保护区瓜萨社区保护区(Guassa Community conservation area, Guassa)为例进行了研究,该保护区自20世纪70年代以来就建立了人工林。研究区面积约78 km2,范围在2600 ~ 3700亩之间,主要属于非洲高山带。我们采访了离瓜萨最近的4个行政区的100名居民,并沿2条样线进行了70个样方的植被采样。我们发现原生草地和人工林之间的生态系统服务数量大致相等。然而,应答者报告了原生草地的7种独特生态系统服务,人工林的3种独特生态系统服务。原生草地和人工林都因其吸引雨水和为野生动物提供栖息地的能力而受到重视。在调查的两种植被类型中,共记录到31科63属87种,共有19种特有种。在植物科中,菊科的物种数量最多。尽管与非洲高山原生植被相比,人工林支持的植物群落多样性较低,为人类社区提供的独特生态系统服务较少,但它们仍然是景观马赛克中有价值的一块。
Examining the Impacts of Plantation Forests on Human and Plant Communities in the Ethiopian Highlands
Home to 88 million people, the Ethiopian mountains are a highly heterogeneous landscape. The Afroalpine ecosystem is found above 3000 masl and is characterized by high levels of species diversity, rarity, and endemism. The objective of this article is to investigate impacts of plantation forests on both the human and plant communities of the Afroalpine zone. We use a case study of a community-based conservation area in the north central highlands, Guassa Community Conservation Area (Guassa), where plantation forests have been established since the 1970s. The study area covers about 78 km2 ranging between 2600 and 3700 masl and largely belongs to the Afroalpine zone. We interviewed 100 residents of the 4 administrative regions closest to Guassa and conducted vegetation sampling of 70 quadrats along 2 transect lines. We found a roughly equal number of ecosystem services between native grassland and plantation forest. However, respondents reported 7 unique ecosystem services from the native grassland and only 3 unique ecosystem services from the plantation forest. Both native grassland and plantation areas were valued for their perceived ability to attract rain and provide habitat for wild animals. We recorded a total of 87 species belonging to 63 genera and 31 plant families across both vegetation types surveyed and a total of 19 endemic species. Of the plant families, Asteraceae had the highest species number. Although plantation forests support less diverse plant communities and provide fewer unique ecosystem services to human communities compared to native Afroalpine vegetation, they are still a valuable piece of the landscape mosaic.
期刊介绍:
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