Experimental Investigation on Thermal Stability of Dual Particle Magnetorheological Fluid and Performance

ABSTRACTMagnetorheological fluid and their properties are essential in Magnetorheological applications. The present study aims to obtain the thermally stable carrier fluid for Magnetorheological damper application through thermogravimetric analyses of three base fluids for higher stability fluid to synthesize Magnetorheological fluid. Scanning electron microscopic images of particles were also tested for their morphology. Magnetorheological fluid samples with 10%, 15%, and 20% by volume were prepared in-house with a 3% calcium base additive (base fluid). Sedimentation and thermal conductivity studies reveal that increasing particle concentration increases the settling time and thermal conductivity. The flow properties show an increase in yield stress with an increase in particle concentration and magnetic fields. The application part of the fluid consists of Magnetorheological damper fabrication and dynamic testing of 20% volume concentration particles at 10mm amplitude, 2 Hertz frequency, and 0 Ampere and 0.5 Ampere currents, and the temperature of the system is captured with a K-type thermocouple. The results show an 8.2 °C rise at 0.5 Ampere with a 26.2% force decrease within 1000 cycles. The theoretical model based on the lumped parameter analysis predicts the temperature rise, similar to the experimental analysis with a 9.5% error.DisclaimerAs a service to authors and researchers we are providing this version of an accepted manuscript (AM). Copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proofs will be undertaken on this manuscript before final publication of the Version of Record (VoR). During production and pre-press, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal relate to these versions also. AcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge the Ministry of Human Resource Development and the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India, for supporting this research through IMPRINT Project No. IMPRINT/2016/7330 titled "Development of Cost-Effective Magnetorheological (MR) Fluid Damper in Two wheelers and Four Wheelers Automobile to Improve Ride Comfort and Stability".Conflict of interest statementThere is no potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Funding StatementThis work was supported by Ministry of Human Resource Development and the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India.Additional informationNotes on contributorsAshok Kumar KariganaurAshok Kumar Kariganaur is a research scholar in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India. He graduated in Mechanical Engineering from National Institute of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka (2012) and obtained his Master's degree in Thermal Engineering from University Vishweshwaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka (2016). His research interests include CFD, heat transfer in multiphase fluids, and experimental heat transfer. Currently he is carrying out research in the area of thermal stability analysis of magnetorheological fluids and their performance under the supervision of Associate Professors Mahalingam and Kumar. Hemantha KumarHemantha Kumar is an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India. He graduated in Mechanical Engineering from Mysore University and obtained his Master of Engineering in Machine Design from Mysore University, and Ph.D. (2009) from Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai. His research interests include dynamics and vibrations, vehicle dynamics, condition monitoring, finite element method, and product design. Arun MahalingamArun Mahalingam is an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the National Institute of Technology Karnataka, India. He graduated in Mechanical Engineering (1999) from VNIT Surat and obtained his Master of Science (Research) in Aerospace Engineering (2003) from IIT Madras and Ph.D. (2007) from University of Greenwich, London (GB). His research interests include thermal engineering, CFD, turbulence, heat and mass transfer, combustion, and multi-phase flows.