头颈部放射治疗的口腔并发症:口腔外科医生的重要性

Fernanda Carla Pantoja QUARESMA, Thais Gomes MATEUS, Juliana de Borborema Garcia PEDREIRA, Ana Paula Rodrigues COUTO, Erick Nelo PEDREIRA
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:放射治疗可导致口腔上皮细胞不同程度的不良反应。本文旨在解决与头颈部肿瘤放疗相关的主要口腔表现,强调牙科医生在熟练的多学科人员参与治疗的重要性。方法:以“头颈部放疗”、“口腔表现”和“头颈部肿瘤”为关键词,在PubMed、Lilacs、SciELO和Google Scholar数据库中进行研究。在2015年~ 2022年发表的533篇论文中,通过删除重复和申请资格标准,选出了18篇。结果:口腔干燥、唾液分泌不足、牙关紧闭、发音困难、吞咽困难、牙本质过敏、真菌和病毒感染、放射性龋齿、放射性骨坏死、粘膜炎、牙周改变和牙齿发育异常是最常见的放疗口腔效应。结论:在治疗头颈癌患者的多学科团队中,牙医的参与是至关重要的,因为观察到一些放疗后的口腔并发症。从放射治疗开始,无论病人是否接受随访,牙医都可以预防、减少和治疗一些有害的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Oral complications of head and neck radiotherapy: the importance of the dental surgeon
ABSTRACT Objective: radiotherapy can lead to different adverse effects in the oral epithelial cells. This article aimed to address the main oral manifestations associated with radiotherapy of head and neck neoplasms, highlighting the importance of the dental practitioners’ participation within the skilled multidisciplinary personnel to treatment. Methods: Research was conducted in the PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords “head and neck radiotherapy”, “oral manifestations’’, and “head and neck neoplasm”. Eighteen out of 533 articles published between 2015 and 2022 were selected after duplicates removal and eligibility criteria application. Results: xerostomia, hyposalivation, trismus, dysgeusia, dysphagia, dentin hypersensitivity, fungal and viral infections, radiation caries, osteoradionecrosis, mucositis, periodontal alterations, and tooth development abnormalities were the most frequently reported oral effects of radiotherapy. Conclusions: The participation of dentists in the multidisciplinary team that treats patients with head and neck cancers is fundamental since several oral complications of radiotherapy are observed. Dentists can prevent, reduce and treat some detrimental effects whether the patient is followed-up since the beginning of radiotherapy.
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