IBD患者难辨梭菌的处理

Jeffery M. Venner, Harminder Singh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

艰难梭菌(C. difficile)是一种厌氧,芽孢形成,革兰氏阳性细菌。艰难梭菌是最常见的医院病原体。艰难梭菌也是与抗生素相关性腹泻相关的最常见病原体,导致高达30%的抗生素相关性腹泻。孢子通过粪-口途径传播,在卫生保健环境中,艰难梭菌通常是通过受污染的手或表面获得的。艰难梭菌有两种单糖基转移酶毒力因子,分别是肠毒素A (TcdA)和细胞毒素B (TcdB)。这两种酶通过受体介导的内吞作用和不可逆失活的Rho gtpase进入肠上皮。这最终破坏了细胞骨架和紧密连接,导致实质极性的丧失和最终的细胞凋亡。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Management of Clostridioides difficile in IBD patients
Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is an anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterium. C. difficile is the most frequently reported nosocomial pathogen. C. difficile is also the most commonly identified pathogen associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea, responsible for up to 30% of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Spores are transmitted via the fecal-oral route, and acquisition of C. difficile in the healthcare setting is generally by contaminated hands or surfaces. C. difficile has two monoglycosyltransferase virulence factors that are responsible for damage to the intestinal mucosa, enterotoxin A (TcdA) and cytotoxin B (TcdB). These two enzymes enter intestinal epithelium through receptor-mediated endocytosis and irreversibly inactive Rho GTPases. This ultimately disrupts the cytoskeleton and tight junctions, resulting in a loss of parenchymal polarity and eventual apoptosis.
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