A Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of ZnO and TiO2 Nanoparticles Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Using the sol-gel technique, this study successfully synthesized two types of nanoparticles, ZnO and TiO2. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum exhibited a broad peak, providing insights into crucial chemical bonds. The average grain sizes, 18.6 nm for ZnO and 12.6 nm for TiO2 were determined through X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the (ZnO & TiO2) powder revealed the presence of pores and agglomeration. The antimicrobial efficacy of these nanoparticles was evaluated against Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and Proteus) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staph. aureus). The results demonstrated the capability of both ZnO and TiO2 to impact bacterial survival rates, with ZnO nanoparticles exhibiting a superior effect compared to TiO2 nanoparticles. This research contributes valuable insights into the antimicrobial properties of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles, emphasizing their potential applications in combating bacterial infections.