关于更年期的叙述

Lotte Hvas
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摘要

叙述和女性如何解释她们的症状一直是更年期经历的一部分。今天,随着女性觉得更容易谈论更年期,新的叙述正在形成和协商-无论是更年期还是女性变老。这些不同的叙述反映了这样一个事实,即过渡阶段因女性而异,一些女性经历了许多症状,而另一些女性似乎根本不受困扰。一些叙述强调更年期是一个转变的时期,提供了适应新生活角色的机会,并强调中老年妇女是有能力、自信和经验的个体。其他的叙述主要集中在描述身体症状——主要是“经典症状”,特别是潮热,但也有广泛的身体和精神表现,可能出现在一个人四十出头到五十多岁之间。在本文中,我将根据二十年来对该主题的研究,讨论正在进行的关于新叙述的辩论中的例子:“有能力的中年妇女”,“所有症状都是更年期症状”和“工作场所的更年期”。作为在这一生命阶段与女性接触的医学协会成员,我们需要支持有助于自豪感和力量的叙述,同时抵制羞耻和尴尬。许多妇女需要更多的信息来了解她们的身体发生了什么,一些更年期妇女需要医疗干预。然而,培养健康女性对自己身体的信任也同样重要。更年期是女性生活中很自然的一部分,不管是好是坏,并不一定是一个应该作为医学问题来处理的问题。保持有能力的中年妇女是劳动力中有价值的资产,具有出色的领导潜力,而不是仅仅强调那些有严重症状的人的需求,这一点至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Narratives about Menopause
Narratives and how women interpret their symptoms have always been a part of how menopause is experienced. Today, as women feel more accessible to talk about menopause, new narratives are being formed and negotiated - both to menopause and concerning women becoming older. These different narratives mirror the fact that the transitional phase differs from woman to woman and that some women experience many symptoms while others do not seem bothered at all. Some narratives underscore menopause as a transformative period, offering opportunities to adapt to new life roles and highlighting middle-aged and older women as individuals of competence, confidence, and experience. Other narratives center on describing bodily symptoms - primarily "classic symptoms," notably hot flushes, but also the broad array of physical and mental manifestations that may arise from one's early forties to late fifties. In this paper, I will, drawing on two decades of research on the topic, discuss examples from the ongoing debate about emerging new narratives: “The Competent Middle-Aged Woman,” “All Symptoms Are Menopausal Symptoms,” and “Menopause in the Workplace.” As medical society members who are in contact with women during this life phase, we need to support narratives that contribute to pride and strength while countering shame and embarrassment. Many women need more information about what is happening in their bodies, and some menopausal women need medical intervention. However, fostering healthy women’s trust in their bodies is equally important. Menopause is a natural part of a woman’s life, for better or worse, and not necessarily an issue that should be approached as a medical problem. It's crucial to maintain stories about competent middle-aged women being valuable assets in the workforce with excellent leadership potential instead of solely emphasizing the needs of those experiencing severe symptoms.
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