Exploration of Electronic States at Electrochemical Interfaces using Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Microscopic studies on electrolyte solution/electrode interfaces provide the most fundamental information not only for understanding the electric double layer formed at the interfaces but also for designing sophisticated electrochemical devices. As with various electronic devices, it is critical to understand the electronic structure of the interfaces, but direct assessment has been limited by the presence of solution. This article presents our exploration of the electronic structure of electrochemical interfaces using photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements.