更短的工作时间和生产力:来自烟煤的证据

IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q1 HISTORY
William M. Boal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在二十世纪之交,提倡缩短工作时间的人经常声称,工人们在工作日结束时非常疲劳,因此将每日工作时间从十小时缩短到八小时对产出几乎没有影响。本研究考察了美国煤炭开采的记录,分析了向八小时工作制过渡期间的州一级和矿井一级面板数据。零效应的假设很容易被否定。相反,产量几乎随时间成比例地下降,但先进的技术很快就弥补了损失的产量。有一些证据表明,正如工会成员所希望的那样,八小时工作制被采用后,就业人数有所增加,但效果并没有得到精确的衡量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Shorter hours and productivity: evidence from bituminous coal
At the turn of the twentieth century, advocates for shorter working hours often claimed that workers were so fatigued by the end of the workday, that shortening daily hours from ten to eight would have little effect on output. This study examines the record for U.S. coal mining, analyzing both state-level and mine-level panel data during the transition to the eight-hour day. The hypothesis of zero effect is easily rejected. Instead, output declined almost proportionately with hours, but advancing technology made up for the lost output fairly quickly. There is some evidence that employment increased when the eight-hour day was adopted, as unionists hoped, but the effect is not precisely measured.
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来源期刊
Labor History
Labor History Multiple-
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
28.60%
发文量
44
期刊介绍: Labor History is the pre-eminent journal for historical scholarship on labor. It is thoroughly ecumenical in its approach and showcases the work of labor historians, industrial relations scholars, labor economists, political scientists, sociologists, social movement theorists, business scholars and all others who write about labor issues. Labor History is also committed to geographical and chronological breadth. It publishes work on labor in the US and all other areas of the world. It is concerned with questions of labor in every time period, from the eighteenth century to contemporary events. Labor History provides a forum for all labor scholars, thus helping to bind together a large but fragmented area of study. By embracing all disciplines, time frames and locales, Labor History is the flagship journal of the entire field. All research articles published in the journal have undergone rigorous peer review, based on initial editor screening and refereeing by at least two anonymous referees.
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