Risk factors for metabolic syndrome in adult patients with sickle cell anemia in Jazan region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Hematological anemia is a characteristic of the hereditary condition known as sickle cell disease. According to several studies, adults with sickle cell disease may exhibit metabolic syndrome symptoms such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. This study's objective was intended to assess the steady-state risk variables for the metabolic syndrome in adults with sickle cell anemia in the Jazan region. A case-control research with 35 adult sickle cell disease patients and 35 healthy controls was carried out. The National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) was used to diagnose metabolic syndrome after the data were examined to determine fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, and uric acid. Mean, standard deviation (SD), and p-value were used to express the data. In order to establish statistical significance, a value of 0.05 was employed. Fasting triglyceride levels was comparable between patient and control groups (P-value = 0.54), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly low in case group compared to control group (P-value = 0.03) and uric acid level was significantly different in patient and control groups (P-value = 0.55). There was significant decrease in HDL-C and FPG among SCD patients compared to control group while no significant difference in fasting triglyceride and uric acid between patients and control groups. Key words: Sickle cell disease, metabolic syndrome, NCEP-ATPIII.