使南部非洲人民自由流动的灵活办法

IF 0.1 Q4 LAW
Victor Amadi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了在共同市场的背景下加强区域一体化,一个区域内的公民在很少或没有限制的情况下流动是至关重要的。南部非洲发展共同体(SADC)最初于1995年通过了一项关于人员自由流动的议定书草案,后来由于南非、博茨瓦纳和纳米比亚退出该协议而失败。《便利人员流动议定书》(《便利议定书》)于2005年通过。执行该法案所需的三分之二多数尚未达到。因此,它没有法律效力。象欧洲联盟(欧盟)和非洲境内的东非共同体(东非共同体)这样的若干区域安排采用了灵活一体化的办法,并附有具有约束力的法律规定,促进了其一体化计划的进展。考虑到南部非洲发展共同体在人口流动方面所取得的成就很少,本文探讨了采用非洲学者提出的灵活一体化的可行性,以鼓励在调节人口流动方面做出回应。本文以现有的学术研究为基础,提出了一个明确的规定,定义了灵活整合的方法,包括启动和利用灵活整合的标准。这一规定将使具有相似利益的成员国能够超越对流动进行监管的僵局,促进该地区人员的流动,或者使成员国有选择退出该地区安排的余地。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Flexible Approach to Enabling the Free Movement of People in Southern Africa
To intensify regional integration in the context of a common market, it is fundamental that citizens within a region are allowed to move with little or no restrictions. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) initially adopted a Draft Protocol on the Free Movement of People in 1995, which later failed when South Africa, Botswana and Namibia withdrew from the agreement. The Protocol on Facilitation of Movement of Persons (Facilitation Protocol) was adopted in 2005. The two-thirds majority needed for its enforcement has yet to be reached. Hence it has no legal effect. Several regional arrangements like the European Union (EU) and the East African Community (EAC) within Africa, have utilised an approach of flexible integration with binding legal provisions that facilitated progress in their integration schemes. Considering that little has been achieved towards the movement of people in the SADC, this article explores the feasibility of adopting flexible integration, advanced by African scholars to encourage a response in regulating the movement of people. This paper builds on existing scholarship by arguing for a clear provision defining the approach to flexible integration including the criteria for initiating and utilising flexible integration. This provision will allow member states with similar interests to move beyond the impasse towards the regulation of movement and promote the movement of people in the region or afford member states the choice to opt out of the regional arrangement.
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