自杀风险评估和预防工具在英国:现状和未来的方向

IF 1.2 Q4 PSYCHIATRY
Abayomi Arowosegbe, Tope Oyelade
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自杀是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题,对个人、家庭和社区都有深远的影响。在联合王国(UK),尽管努力发现和管理自杀想法,自杀率仍然存在,特别是在中年男性和女性中,特别是45至54岁的人。最近的全球挑战,如COVID-19大流行、气候变化、冲突和环境危机,引发了人们对自杀率上升的担忧,尤其是年轻人的自杀率上升。因此,必须采取基于证据的全民预防措施,以减轻预计的自杀增加。为了评估自杀预防策略的有效性,需要一种客观和普遍接受的风险评估方法,而这种方法目前尚不存在。本综述考察了英国自杀预防的现状,并评估了现有自杀风险评估工具的优势和局限性。讨论了目前使用的自杀预防工具,包括机器学习和移动应用程序。此外,对英国各地区的流行病学趋势、包括年龄、性别和社会经济地位在内的风险因素进行了评估,以提供背景。通过这篇文章,我们希望为临床医生、研究人员和政策制定者提供有价值的见解,了解当前自杀的现状,特别是在英国,同时就需要进一步研究和改进的领域提出建议。因此,预防自杀是并将继续是英国国民保健服务和研究的一个主要重点,以努力降低所有地区的自杀率。事实上,无论是在地方还是在全球,在利用技术预防自杀方面都取得了进展。然而,未来的研究应该调查针对各种自杀风险因素的个性化干预措施的价值,并基于适当的筛查和评估工具。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Suicide Risk Assessment and Prevention Tools in the UK: Current Landscape and Future Directions
Suicide is a major global public health problem, with profound implications for individuals, families, and communities. In the United Kingdom (UK), despite efforts to detect and manage suicidal ideas, suicide rates persist, especially among middle-aged men and women, particularly those aged 45 to 54 years. Recent global challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, conflict, and the environmental crisis, have raised concerns about an increase in suicide rates, particularly among young people. As a result, a population-wide preventive approach based on evidence is imperative to mitigate the projected increase in suicides. To evaluate the effectiveness of suicide prevention strategies, there is a need for an objective and universally accepted risk assessment approach that does not currently exist. This review examines the current landscape of suicide prevention in the United Kingdom and evaluates the strengths and limitations of existing suicide risk assessments tools. The current suicide prevention tools used, including machine learning and mobile applications are discussed. Also, the epidemiological trends in the various regions of the UK, risk factors including age, sex, and socio-economic status are assessed to provide context. Through this discourse, we hope to provide valuable insight for clinicians, researchers, and policy makers about the current landscape of suicide, especially within the United Kingdom, while presenting recommendations regarding areas that require further research and improvement. Accordingly, suicide prevention is and will continue to be a major focus of both the national health service and research in the UK in the strive to reduce the rate of suicide across all regions. Indeed, headways have been made in the use of technology in preventing suicide both locally and globally. However, research should in the future investigate the value of personalized interventions tailored to the various risk factors of suicide and based on appropriate screening and assessment tools.
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CiteScore
1.90
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