锅炉厂余热系统用能效率的比较分析

N Fialko, A Stepanova, R Navrodska, N Meranova, S Shevchuk
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摘要

本文对锅炉厂热回收系统的火用效率进行了比较分析。确保各种用途的热回收系统有效运行的需要决定了在这一领域进行研究的重要性和相关性。这项工作的目的是提高各种用途的热回收系统的用能效率。给出了实现既定目标所必需的解决任务的结果:-以结构图的形式提交各种用途的热利用系统,并确定热载体的火用流;-选择各种用途的热回收系统的用能效率评价标准,计算其值并进行对比分析;-考虑到其应用的具体情况,为各种用途的热回收系统的使用提出建议。为了进行研究,使用了一种复杂的方法,该方法将结构变化的火用分析方法与以矩阵形式表示火用平衡的方法相结合。考虑了三种不同回收热用户数量的热回收系统。开发了各种用途的热回收系统的结构图,并确定了单个离散元件之间热载体的火用流动。选取火用损失、热火用准则和火用效率作为评价火用效率的标准。在不同的锅炉相对功率值下,对热回收系统及其元件进行了数值计算。水加热换热器、抽烟器和泵送系统的火用损失最大,空气加热换热器和燃气加热器的火用损失最小。锅炉的相对实力的增加会导致增加的相对贡献热水热回收系统的(火用)损失,以及泵送系统和管道系统的总(火用)损失热量回收系统。已经确定,增加热回收系统中回收热的消费者数量,并采用合理的方法减少总火用损失,可以提高热回收系统的效率。这一领域的进一步发展将使各种用途的热回收系统的用能效率得以提高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EXERGETIC EFFICIENCY OF HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS OF BOILER PLANTS
The paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of the exergetic efficiency of heat recovery systems of boiler plants. The need to ensure the efficient operation of heat recovery systems for various purposes determines the importance and relevance of research conducted in this field. The purpose of the work is to increase the exergetic efficiency of heat recovery systems of various purposes. The results of solving the tasks necessary to achieve the set goal are given: - submit heat utilization systems of various purposes in the form of structural diagrams with the identification of exergetic flows of heat carriers; - choose exergetic efficiency evaluation criteria for heat recovery systems of various purposes, calculate their values and conduct a comparative analysis; - develop recommendations for the use of heat recovery systems for various purposes, taking into account the specifics of their application. For research, a complex methodology was used, which combines structural-variant methods of exergetic analysis with methods of presenting exergetic balances in matrix form. Three types of heat recovery systems with different numbers of consumers of recovered heat were considered. Structural diagrams of heat recovery systems of various purposes with identification of exergetic flows of heat carriers between individual discrete elements have been developed. Exergetic losses, thermal exergetic criterion and exergetic efficiency were selected as criteria for evaluating exergetic efficiency. Their values were obtained for heat recovery systems and their elements at different values of the relative power of the boiler. The largest exergy losses occur in the water-heating heat exchanger, smoke extractor and pumping system, the smallest - in the air-heating heat exchanger and gas heater. An increase in the relative power of the boiler leads to an increase in the relative contribution of the exergy losses of the water heating heat recovery system, as well as the pumping system and the pipeline system to the total exergy losses in the heat recovery system. It has been established that increasing the number of consumers of recovered heat in the heat recovery system and using rational ways of reducing total exergy losses increases the efficiency of heat recovery systems. Further developments in this field will allow to increase the exergetic efficiency of heat recovery systems for various purposes.
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