Fumaria officinalis L. active compounds and biological activities: A review

Fumaria officinalis L. is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Europe and Asia on hepato-biliary problems, hypertension, gastrointestinal colic and skin problems. In this review, previous investigations on the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of F. officinalis were critically summarized. F. officinalis is rich in alkaloids and phenolic compounds including flavonoids, to which are imputed its important pharmacological activities. It has shown high antioxidant activity and cytoprotective effect on the liver, kidney and testicles. It has shown anti-diabetic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. It has potential against Alzheimer’s disease. Some extracts can have high cytotoxic activity against some cancer lines, and antimicrobial activity against some microbes. It has also demonstrated diuretic and skin protective effects. This set of activities gives it potential usefulness in a range of pathologies. Further studies are required to better understand these effects and underlying mechanisms.