德性伦理与动物道德地位初探

Rebecca L. Walker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一个有良好品格的人以关怀和慈悲对待其他有情众生。然而,道德伦理显然难以解释非人类动物的道德地位,因为它关注的是优秀的性格特征,而不是道德上的“耐心”,也因为它的不可编纂性,至少在某些形式上是如此。本文的任务是回答这个问题:在生物医学研究的背景下,美德伦理学如何解释非人类动物的道德价值?我认为,它可以通过关注动物的美好生活、人与动物之间的纽带以及美德本身来实现。我用来支持非人类动物价值的美德伦理资源与那些典型的道德地位讨论不同,但我认为,道德地位作为一种工具,在动物研究等实际环境中使用,通常有其自身的问题。
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Virtue Ethics and Animal Moral Status in advance
A person of good character treats other sentient beings with care and compassion. Yet virtue ethics apparently has trouble accounting for the moral status of nonhuman animals because of its focus on excellent character traits, rather than the moral “patient,” and because of its non-codifiability, at least in some forms. The task of this article is to answer the question: How can virtue ethics account for the moral value of nonhuman animals in the context of biomedical research? I argue that it can do so through attention to animal good lives, human-animal bonds, and the virtues themselves. The virtue ethics resources I draw on to support nonhuman animal value are not the same as those typically brought to bear in moral status discussions, but I suggest that moral status as usually conceived has its own problems as a tool for use in practical contexts like animal research.
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