Implementing e-learning environment at universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The ubiquity of e-learning has necessitated research into its application and effectiveness. This study scrutinizes the factors influencing e-learning adoption in Bosnia and Herzegovina, specifically within the higher education sector. To determine these influential factors, the study surveyed professors from both private and public universities via emails, achieving 220 responses from over 1,500 sent. The collected data was analyzed using SmartPLS, and regression modeling was used to determine the significant relationships among the factors. The findings highlighted seven key elements, including e-learning policies, institutional readiness, quality e-learning systems, course design quality, awareness of benefits, interactive discussions, and motivation. Furthermore, the research unveiled six substantial gaps in the current e-learning structure: resource insufficiency, lack of e-learning skills, ineffective course design, inadequate knowledge of benefits, low motivation, and a lack of student-centered learning. It has been concluded that these seven factors, and their intricate relationships, significantly impact the successful adoption and effectiveness of e-learning tools within universities. The research offers practical guidance for universities aiming to implement or enhance e-learning practices, emphasizing areas requiring increased attention and resources. It underscores the importance of not only the technical infrastructure but also the quality of course design, the role of awareness and motivation, and the necessity of a student-centered approach.