尼日利亚纳萨拉瓦州医疗设施盘存、分配和分析的空间应用

Halilu A. Shaba
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摘要

这项研究的目的是利用遥感和地理信息系统技术对纳萨拉瓦州的医疗设施进行清查、分配和分析。进行了实地测绘,并记录了这些医疗保健设施属性的坐标。GIS分析采用了ArcGIS 10.8版本的多环缓冲区和聚类扩展空间分析工具。结果显示,全州共有1,119家医疗机构。其中807家是政府初级保健机构,227家是私人初级保健机构,24家是政府二级保健机构,60家是私人二级保健机构,1家是三级保健机构。结果还显示,政府三级保健设施在地方政府地区的分布存在巨大差异,只有在整个纳萨拉瓦州才有这种设施。这表明获得专业保健服务的机会有限。纳萨拉瓦州卫生设施的总体趋势是集中,因为这些设施打算靠近住区,因此将呈现某种程度的集中,尽管不同类型的设施之间的程度可能有所不同。二级卫生保健缓冲分析显示,纳萨拉瓦州有大量需要更多二级卫生保健设施的地方政府定居点,这些定居点在1公里和10公里半径范围内可获得良好的卫生保健设施。政府拥有的初级卫生保健设施记录的z得分为-17.52725,最近邻居比率为0.677488,表明群集趋势非常强,从分析来看,随机性或分散性的可能性小于1%。这表明,要确保这些设施的分布更加分散和更具竞争性,还有许多工作要做。私营初级卫生保健设施的z得分为-18.527370,最近邻比率为0.357209,这表明在相同的1%随机分布概率下,聚类非常显著。这清楚地表明,需要对卫生部门进行战略规划和资源分配,以确保公平、分散和竞争性地分配这些设施。这项研究的结果对实现联合国与卫生有关的可持续发展目标(SDG-3)以及实现全民健康覆盖具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Space Based Application For The Inventory, Distribution And Analysis Of Healthcare Facilities In Nasarawa State, Nigeria
The study aimed at carrying out the inventory, distribution and analysis of healthcare facilities in Nasarawa state using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Field mapping was conducted and coordinates with attributes of these healthcare facilities were recorded. GIS analysis using multiple ring buffer and cluster extension of the spatial analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.8 version was used. Result revealed a total of 1,119 healthcare facilities distributed across the state. Out of which 807 are government primary healthcare, while 227 are private primary and 24 government secondary whereas 60 are private secondary and one tertiary healthcare facility. Result also revealed significant disparities in the distribution of government tertiary healthcare facilities across the local government areas with only having such facility in the whole of Nasarawa State. This indicates limited access to specialized healthcare services. The general trend of health facilities in Nasarawa state is towards clustering because these facilities are intended to reside close to settlements and thus will present some degree of clustering though the level may differ between different types of facilities. The buffer analysis in secondary healthcare showed a wide number of settlements by local government that need more present of secondary healthcare facility in Nasarawa state showing good accessibility of health care facility to the settlement within 1 km and 10 km radius. The government own primary healthcare facilities record a z-score of -17.52725 and 0.677488 nearest neighbour ratio suggesting a very strong trend towards clustering, and from the analysis, there is a less than 1% chance of randomness or dispersion. This indicates that there is a lot needs to be done to ensure a more dispersed and competitive distribution of these facilities. The private primary healthcare facilities have a z-score of -18.527370 and nearest neighbour ratio of 0.357209, which shows very significant clustering alongside an identical 1% probability of random distribution. This clearly indicates that there is need for strategic planning and resource allocation to the health sector to ensure an equitable, dispersed and competitive distribution of these facilities. The findings from this study have implications for the actualization of the United Nations’ health-related Sustainable Development Goal (SDG-3) and also to achieve the Universal health coverage.
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