氮肥在哈萨克斯坦东南部粮食作物生产力中的作用

IF 1.6 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES
SB RAMAZANOVA, SB KENENBAYEV, VN GUSEV, GSH BAYMAKANOVA
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了提高粮食作物氮肥的效率,2015-2017年在哈萨克斯坦东南部阿拉木图地区Almalybak村的哈萨克斯坦农业研究所开展了这项使用15N方法的研究。利用稳定同位素15N进行的氮肥利用效率微田试验表明,粮食作物对氮肥的同化在很大程度上取决于相关作物的规格、时间、施肥方法和品种参数。利用形态生理学方法监测植物发育状况,肯定了氮肥在植物发育过程中的作用,确定了氮肥的最佳施用时机。结果表明,粮食作物分蘖初期和管枝初期以及器官发生的第三和第五阶段部分施用氮肥是有效的。随着氮肥的施用,品种间差异显著。在14.7% ~ 32.2%的选择范围内,利用同位素标记建立了准确的氮素利用系数。同位素方法的使用为进一步发展最有效的施肥技术提供了机会,这是确定氮肥有效性的必要方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ROLE IN GRAIN CROPS PRODUCTIVITY IN SOUTH-EAST KAZAKHSTAN
Seeking to improve the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers for grain crops led to conducting this study on developing methods using 15N in 2015–2017 at the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture, Almalybak Village, Almaty Region, Southeastern Kazakhstan. Nitrogen use efficiency using the stable isotope 15N in microfield experiments revealed that the assimilation of nitrogen fertilizers by grain crops largely depends on the norms, timing, fertilization method, and varietal parameters of the concerned crop. Based on morphophysiological methods of monitoring plant development conditions, the nitrogen fertilizers’ role based on the development has been affirmative, with the optimal timing of their application also determined. Results show that grain crops use nitrogen productively with partial application at the beginning of tillering and tubing, respectively, and stages III and V of organogenesis. With the use of nitrogen fertilizers, the significant varietal differences were evident. The help of an isotope label established the accurate nitrogen utilization coefficients of fertilizers based on the options ranging from 14.7% to 32.2%. Using the isotope method provides an opportunity for further development of practicing the most efficient techniques of applying fertilizers, which is an imperative method for determining the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizers.
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来源期刊
Sabrao Journal of Breeding and Genetics
Sabrao Journal of Breeding and Genetics 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
50.00%
发文量
63
期刊介绍: The SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics is an international journal of plant breeding and genetics research and was first published in 1969. It is the official publication of the Society for the Advancement of Breeding Research in Asia and Oceania (SABRAO). Its objectives are to: promote the international exchange of research information on plant breeding and genetics, by describing new research findings, or ideas of a basic or practical nature; and be a medium for the exchange of ideas and news regarding members of the Society. The Journal gives priority to articles that are of direct relevance to plant breeders and with emphasis on the Asian region. Invited for publication are research articles, short communications, methods, reviews, commentaries, and opinion articles. Scientific contributions are refereed and edited to international standards. The journal publishes articles for SABRAO members mainly. The Journal preferred strongly that at least one author should be a current member of the Society. Non-members may also publish in the journal.
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